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Cronbach's alpha (Cronbach's ), also known as tau-equivalent reliability or coefficient alpha (coefficient ), is a reliability coefficient and a measure of the internal consistency of tests and measures. [1] [2] [3] It was named after the American psychologist Lee Cronbach.
Internal consistency is usually measured with Cronbach's alpha, a statistic calculated from the pairwise correlations between items. Internal consistency ranges between negative infinity and one. Coefficient alpha will be negative whenever there is greater within-subject variability than between-subject variability. [1]
Unfortunately, there is no way to directly observe or calculate the true score, so a variety of methods are used to estimate the reliability of a test. Some examples of the methods to estimate reliability include test-retest reliability, internal consistency reliability, and parallel-test reliability. Each method comes at the problem of ...
The standard errors are normally produced as a by-product of the estimation process. The separation index is typically very close in value to Cronbach's alpha. [28] IRT is sometimes called strong true score theory or modern mental test theory because it is a more recent body of theory and makes more explicit the hypotheses that are implicit ...
In statistical models applied to psychometrics, congeneric reliability ("rho C") [1] a single-administration test score reliability (i.e., the reliability of persons over items holding occasion fixed) coefficient, commonly referred to as composite reliability, construct reliability, and coefficient omega.
Startled awake, mom discovers her son is shot. As Givens snapped awake, her son Destin was screaming, his right hand bleeding. Givens’ .22-caliber Glock handgun lay on the floor nearby.
For the reliability of a two-item test, the formula is more appropriate than Cronbach's alpha (used in this way, the Spearman-Brown formula is also called "standardized Cronbach's alpha", as it is the same as Cronbach's alpha computed using the average item intercorrelation and unit-item variance, rather than the average item covariance and ...
Biden keeps landing jabs seemingly calculated to get under Trump’s skin. And the president-elect has been taking his lumps on social media. On Wednesday, Biden warned that no one should “jump ...