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Optical format is a hypothetical measurement approximately 50% larger than the true diagonal size of a solid-state photo sensor.The use of the optical format means that a lens used with a particular size sensor will have approximately the same angle of view as if it were to be used with an equivalent-sized video camera tube (an "old-fashioned" TV camera).
Although the most common medium format film, the 120 roll, is 6 cm (2.4 in) wide, and is most commonly shot square, the most common "medium-format" digital sensor sizes are approximately 48 mm × 36 mm (1.9 in × 1.4 in), which is roughly twice the size of a full-frame DSLR sensor format.
Comparison of various optical storage media. This article compares the technical specifications of multiple high-definition formats, including HD DVD and Blu-ray Disc; two mutually incompatible, high-definition optical disc formats that, beginning in 2006, attempted to improve upon and eventually replace the DVD standard.
An early analogue optical disc system existed in 1935, used on Welte's Lichttonorgel sampling organ. [15] An early analog optical disc used for video recording was invented by David Paul Gregg in 1958 [16] and patented in the US in 1961 and 1969. This form of optical disc was a very early form of the DVD (U.S. patent 3,430,966).
The super jewel box is the conventional case for Super Audio CD (SACD) releases; [1] a taller "Plus" size, midway between CD and DVD-Video size, is the conventional case for DVD-Audio, and as of mid-2006, the case format for all albums released by the Universal Music Group in Europe. [11]
As of 2023, Blu-ray is the last major optical format to reach widespread use. The ever-increasing speed of broadband internet has replaced many of its roles as a distribution medium for media and video games, and the rapidly falling prices of Flash memory through the 2010s did the same in its archival role with read-write formats.
Since the size of the user-data portion of a sector (logical sector) in data optical discs is 2,048 bytes, the size of an ISO image will be a multiple of 2,048. Any single- track CD-ROM , DVD or Blu-ray disc can be archived in ISO format as a true digital copy of the original.
An Ultra Density Optical disc, or UDO, is a 133.35 mm (5.25") ISO cartridge optical disc which can store up to 30 GB (gigabytes) of data. The second generation UDO2 media format was introduced in April 2007 and has a capacity of up to 80 GB.