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Optics began with the development of lenses by the ancient Egyptians and Mesopotamians, ... Between the 11th and 13th centuries, so-called "reading stones" were invented.
Narinder Singh Kapany (31 October 1926 – 4 December 2020) was an Indian-American physicist famously known as "Father of Fiber Optics" . [2] [3] [4] Kapany is a pioneer in the field of fiber optics, known for coining and popularising the term. [5] [6] Fortune named him one of seven "Unsung Heroes of the 20th Century" for his Nobel Prize ...
Alhazen's most famous work is his seven-volume treatise on optics Kitab al-Manazir (Book of Optics), written from 1011 to 1021. [48] In it, Ibn al-Haytham was the first to explain that vision occurs when light reflects from an object and then passes to one's eyes, [ 14 ] and to argue that vision occurs in the brain, pointing to observations ...
Optics is the branch of physics ... The most famous compound optical instruments in science are the microscope and the telescope which were both invented by the Dutch ...
Joseph Ritter von Fraunhofer (/ ˈ f r aʊ n ˌ h oʊ f ər /; German: [ˈfraʊnˌhoːfɐ]; 6 March 1787 – 7 June 1826 [1]) was a German physicist and optical lens manufacturer. He made optical glass, an achromatic telescope, and objective lenses. He developed diffraction grating and also invented the spectroscope.
1663 – Otto von Guericke (brewer and engineer who applied the barometer to weather prediction and invented the air pump, with which he demonstrated the properties of atmospheric pressure associated with a vacuum) constructs a primitive electrostatic generating (or friction) machine via the triboelectric effect, utilizing a continuously ...
Sir David Brewster KH PRSE FRS FSA Scot FSSA MICE (11 December 1781 – 10 February 1868) was a Scottish scientist, inventor, author, and academic administrator. In science he is principally remembered for his experimental work in physical optics, mostly concerned with the study of the polarization of light and including the discovery of Brewster's angle.
Sir Charles Kao Kuen (simplified Chinese: 高锟; traditional Chinese: 高錕; pinyin: Gāo Kūn) (November 4, 1933 – September 23, 2018) was a Chinese physicist and Nobel laureate who contributed to the development and use of fibre optics in telecommunications.