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The fundamental theorem of finite abelian groups states that every finite abelian group can be expressed as the direct sum of cyclic subgroups of prime-power order; it is also known as the basis theorem for finite abelian groups. Moreover, automorphism groups of cyclic groups are examples of abelian groups. [13]
The fundamental theorem of finitely generated abelian groups can be stated two ways, generalizing the two forms of the fundamental theorem of finite abelian groups. The theorem, in both forms, in turn generalizes to the structure theorem for finitely generated modules over a principal ideal domain , which in turn admits further generalizations.
In mathematics, in the field of abstract algebra, the structure theorem for finitely generated modules over a principal ideal domain is a generalization of the fundamental theorem of finitely generated abelian groups and roughly states that finitely generated modules over a principal ideal domain (PID) can be uniquely decomposed in much the same way that integers have a prime factorization.
The main structure theorem about this group is the Mordell–Weil theorem which shows this group is in fact a finitely-generated abelian group. Moreover, there are many conjectures related to this group, such as the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture which relates the rank of A ( K ) {\displaystyle A(K)} to the zero of the associated L ...
The second Prüfer theorem states that a countable abelian p-group whose non-trivial elements have finite p-height is isomorphic to a direct sum of cyclic groups. Examples show that the assumption that the group be countable cannot be removed. The two Prüfer theorems follow from a general criterion of decomposability of an abelian group into a ...
An abelian group A is torsion-free if and only if it is flat as a Z-module, which means that whenever C is a subgroup of some abelian group B, then the natural map from the tensor product C ⊗ A to B ⊗ A is injective. Tensoring an abelian group A with Q (or any divisible group) kills torsion. That is, if T is a torsion group then T ⊗ Q = 0.
V is the symmetry group of this cross: flipping it horizontally (a) or vertically (b) or both (ab) leaves it unchanged.A quarter-turn changes it. In two dimensions, the Klein four-group is the symmetry group of a rhombus and of rectangles that are not squares, the four elements being the identity, the vertical reflection, the horizontal reflection, and a 180° rotation.
In an abelian category (such as the category of abelian groups or the category of vector spaces over a given field), consider a commutative diagram: where the rows are exact sequences and 0 is the zero object. Then there is an exact sequence relating the kernels and cokernels of a, b, and c: