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The canIPA vocoid system. Luciano Canepari (Italian pronunciation: [luˈtʃaːno kaneˈpaːri]; [1] [2] born 19 January 1947) is an Italian linguist. Canepari was a professor in the Department of Linguistics at the University of Venice, where he received his academic training.
Depiction of a larrikin, from Nelson P. Whitelocke's book A Walk in Sydney Streets on the Shady Side (1885). Larrikin is an Australian English term meaning "a mischievous young person, an uncultivated, rowdy but good-hearted person", or "a person who acts with apparent disregard for social or political conventions".
French shows original [jt js], with later coalescence of the glide with the preceding vowel. These are also sometimes found as outcomes of /pt ps/, implying a merger of these clusters with /kt ks/; the latter change is sometimes attributed to a Gaulish substrate. Old Spanish shows [t͡ʃ] and [ʃ] (the latter backed to [x] in later Spanish). [149]
French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, and Romanian are also official languages of the European Union. [15] Spanish, Portuguese, French, Italian, Romanian, and Catalan were the official languages of the defunct Latin Union; [16] and French and Spanish are two of the six official languages of the United Nations. [17]
The r letter in French was historically pronounced as a trill, as was the case in Latin and as is still the case in Italian and Spanish. In Northern France, including Paris, the alveolar trill was gradually replaced with the uvular trill from the end of the 17th century. [ 2 ]
In (stressed) monosyllables it tends to survive as /n/, as in /ˈkʷem/ > /ˈkʷen/ > Spanish quién. [4] Clusters consisting of a stop followed by a liquid consonant draw the stress position forward, as in /ˈinteɡram/ > /inˈteɡra/. [5] Two apparent counterexamples are /ˈpalpebraːs/ and /ˈpullitra/, judging by the Old French outcomes ...
Latin pronunciation, both in the classical and post-classical age, has varied across different regions and different eras. As the respective languages have undergone sound changes, the changes have often applied to the pronunciation of Latin as well. Latin still in use today is more often pronounced according to context, rather than geography.
This leads to pronouncing smörgåsbord (with initial in Swedish) as / ˈ ʃ m ɔːr ɡ ə s ˌ b ɔːr d /, parmesan (from French [paʁməzɑ̃]) as / ˈ p ɑː r m ə ˌ ʒ ɑː n / (the cheese itself is Italian, and this pronunciation may also have been influenced by the Italian word for the cheese, parmigiano, which has a postalveolar ...