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Elvish and Indo-European language [7] trees compared. Tolkien, a philologist, was intensely interested in the evolution of language families, and modelled his fictional languages and their evolution on real ones. [2] The language names and evolution shown for Middle-earth are as used in the 1937 Lhammas. [6]
Tolkien conceived a family tree of Elvish languages, all descending from a common ancestor called Primitive Quendian.He worked extensively on how the languages diverged from Primitive Quendian over time, in phonology and grammar, in imitation of the development of real language families. [3]
The Elvish languages are a family of several related languages and dialects. The following is a brief overview of the fictional internal history of late Quenya as conceived by Tolkien. Tolkien imagined an Elvish society with a vernacular language for every-day use, Tarquesta, and a more educated language for use in ceremonies and lore ...
Beneath the name of each language is the word for "Elves" in that language. Internally, in the fiction, the Elvish language family is a group of languages related by descent from a common ancestor, called the proto-language. [10] Externally, in Tolkien's life, he constructed the family from around 1910, working on it up to his death in 1973.
"Sindarin (Grey-elven) is properly the name of the languages of the Elvish inhabitants of Beleriand, the later almost drowned land west of the Blue Mountains. Quenya was the language of the Exiled High-Elves returning to Middle-earth.
Khuzdul (pronounced) is a fictional language created by J. R. R. Tolkien, one of the languages of Middle-earth, specifically the secret and private language of the Dwarves. He based its structure and phonology on Semitic languages , primarily Hebrew , with triconsonantal roots of words.
Finnish influences on Tolkien include both the Finnish language, which he especially liked, and the Kalevala, Elias Lönnrot's 19th century compilation of Finnish mythology, which Tolkien stated had powerfully affected him. He further stated that his invented Elvish language of Quenya was influenced by the phonology and structure of Finnish.
Elvish Languages mapped to the sundering of the Elves: Tolkien worked out an intricate philological mapping of the variations in his invented language families to the history of the Elvish peoples and the complex migrations that he created to make use of the languages. Shown is the word for "Elves" in each of the languages.