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Polyomaviridae is a family of DNA viruses whose natural hosts are mammals and birds. [1] [2] As of 2024, there are eight recognized genera. [3]Fourteen species are known to infect humans, while others, such as Simian Virus 40, have been identified in humans to a lesser extent.
The BK virus, also known as Human polyomavirus 1, is a member of the polyomavirus family. Past infection with the BK virus is widespread, [1] but significant consequences of infection are uncommon, with the exception of the immunocompromised and the immunosuppressed. BK virus is an abbreviation of the name of the first patient, from whom the ...
The virus is very common in the general population, infecting 70% to 90% of humans; most people acquire Human polyomavirus 2 in childhood or adolescence. [ 22 ] [ 23 ] [ 24 ] It is found in high concentrations in urban sewage worldwide, leading some researchers to suspect contaminated water as a typical route of infection.
Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV or MCPyV) was first described in January 2008 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. [1] It was the first example of a human viral pathogen discovered using unbiased metagenomic next-generation sequencing with a technique called digital transcriptome subtraction. [2]
Trichodysplasia spinulosa is a proliferative skin disorder [8] [9] that occurs in immunocompromised people and is considered benign, but can be disfiguring. [10] It was suspected to be associated with viral infection on the basis of the patient population in which it appeared, and electron microscopy studies of clinical samples identified virus-like particles of a size and shape consistent ...
All known human polyomaviruses are fairly common in healthy adult populations and are usually asymptomatic. In studies that profile polyomavirus seroprevalence, or prevalence of detectable antibodies against viral proteins indicating either past or present exposure in immunocompetent adults, HPyV9 tends to have a relatively lower prevalence compared to other human polyomaviruses.
Human polyomavirus 7 (HPyV7) is a virus of the polyomavirus family that infects human hosts. It was discovered in 2010 and is a common component of the skin flora in healthy adults. [1] There is limited evidence from case reports linking the virus to a skin rash occurring in immunocompromised organ transplant recipients. [2]
WU polyomavirus (also known as WU virus, WUPyV, or Human polyomavirus 4) is a virus of the family Polyomaviridae.It was discovered in 2007 in samples of human respiratory secretions, originally from a child patient in Australia who presented with clinical signs of pneumonia and in whom other common respiratory viruses were not detected.