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AVCOAT was used for the heat shield on NASA's Apollo command module. [4] In its final Apollo form, this material was called AVCOAT 5026–39. Although AVCOAT was not used for the Space Shuttle orbiters, NASA again used the material for its Orion spacecraft [5] first for the initial Orion test and then for a different type of heat shield for the later Orions.
The filler materials were made of either white AB312 fibers or black AB312 cloth covers (which contain alumina fibers). These materials were used around the leading edge of the nose cap, windshields, side hatch, wing, trailing edge of elevons, vertical stabilizer, the rudder/speed brake, body flap, and heat shield of the shuttle's main engines.
In contemporary spacecraft, ablative plating is most frequently seen as an ablative heat shield for a vehicle that must enter atmosphere from orbit, such as on nuclear warheads, or space vehicles like the Mars Pathfinder probe. A large amount of developmental usage was on the early 1960s rocket powered X-15 crewed aircraft traveling at ...
In engineering, a heat shield is a component designed to protect an object or a human operator from being burnt or overheated by dissipating, reflecting, and/or absorbing heat. [1] The term is most often used in reference to exhaust heat management and to systems for dissipating frictional heat.
The first reentry test of a PICA-X heat shield was on the Dragon C1 mission on 8 December 2010. [35] The PICA-X heat shield was designed, developed and fully qualified by a small team of a dozen engineers and technicians in less than four years. [33] PICA-X is ten times less expensive to manufacture than the NASA PICA heat shield material. [36]
The superconducting Fault Current Limiter covered by a MLI blanket MLI covering the heat shield of the Huygens probe. More layers can be added to reduce the loss further. The blanket can be further improved by making the outside surfaces highly reflective to thermal radiation, which reduces both absorption and emission.
The rounded shape (blunt body) of a capsule forms a shock wave that keeps most of the heat away from the heat shield, but a thermal protection system is still necessary. The space capsule must be strong enough to withstand reentry forces such as drag , and must reenter at a precise angle of attack to prevent a skip off the surface of the ...
A novel feature of the spacecraft's re-entry module was the use of impregnated oak, a natural material, as the ablative material for its heat shield. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] The Fanhui Shi Weixing (FSW) imagery reconnaissance satellite program was succeeded by the ongoing Yaogan Weixing satellite program which began in 2006 and consists of imagery ...