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Peripheral protein, or peripheral membrane proteins, are a group of biologically active molecules formed from amino acids which interact with the surface of the lipid bilayer of cell membranes. Unlike integral membrane proteins, peripheral proteins do not enter into the hydrophobic space within the cell membrane.
Peripheral proteins play a crucial yet often underappreciated role in cellular biology. Unlike integral membrane proteins, these proteins are not embedded within the lipid bilayer but rather attach temporarily to the cell membrane’s exterior or interior surfaces.
Peripheral membrane proteins, or extrinsic membrane proteins, [1] are membrane proteins that adhere only temporarily to the biological membrane with which they are associated. These proteins attach to integral membrane proteins, or penetrate the peripheral regions of the lipid bilayer.
It is mostly found at the location of the mitochondrial membrane, where it functions as an electron transfer for the electron transport chain. What are Peripheral Membrane Proteins and Why...
Once dissociated from the membrane, peripheral membrane proteins are soluble in aqueous buffers. These proteins are not inserted into the hydrophobic interior of the lipid bilayer. Instead, they are indirectly associated with membranes through protein-protein interactions.
Peripheral proteins are found on the exterior and interior surfaces of membranes, attached either to integral proteins or to phospholipids. Peripheral proteins, along with integral proteins, may serve as enzymes, as structural attachments for the fibers of the cytoskeleton, or as part of the cell’s recognition sites.
Proteins can be loosely associated with the membrane (peripheral or extrinsic) or can embed deeply and most typically pass through the membrane and become a transmembrane (also called integral or intrinsic) protein. Sometimes they pass through using a single alpha helix, while other times they pass through multiple times (for example seven ...