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Lydian soldier (Old Persian cuneiform 𐎿𐎱𐎼𐎭, Sparda) [1] of the Achaemenid army, Xerxes I tomb, c. 480 BC. Lydia c. 50 AD , with the main settlements and Greek colonies. Not to be confused with Lycians , another Anatolian people.
The Persian king Cyrus The Great marched with his army against the Lydians. The Battle of Pteria resulted in a stalemate, forcing the Lydians to retreat to their capital city of Sardis. Some months later the Persian and Lydian kings met at the Battle of Thymbra. Cyrus won and captured the capital city of Sardis by 546 BC. [42]
The temple of Artemis in Sardis, capital of Lydia. The early Lydian religion exhibited strong connections to Anatolian as well as Greek traditions. [2]Although Lydia had been conquered by the Persian Achaemenid Empire in c. 547 BC, native Lydian traditions were not destroyed by Persian rule, and most Lydian inscriptions were written during this period.
Xanthus of Lydia (Greek: Ξάνθος ὁ Λυδός, Xanthos ho Lydos) was a Greek historian, logographer and citizen of Lydia who, during the mid-fifth century BC, wrote texts on the history of Lydia known as Lydiaca (Λυδιακά), a work which was highly commended by Dionysius of Halicarnassus. [1]
Lydian delegation at Apadana, c. 500 BC. From the period of 480 BC to 440 BC, there is little historical information about the satrap of Lydia. In 440 BC, the satrap Pissuthnes attempted to retake Samos, which had rebelled against Athens, but failed. In 420 BC, Pissuthnes revolted against the Persian king Darius II.
List of all the known Satraps (governors) of Lydia, a satrapy of the Persian Empire: Tabalus (546 - 545) Mazares (545 - c. 544) Harpagus (born c. 544) Oroetus (before 530 - c. 520) Bagaeus (born c. 520) Otanes (517) Artaphernes I (513 - 492) Artaphernes II (492 - after 480) Pissuthnes (before 440 - 415) Tissaphernes (c. 415 - 408) Cyrus the ...
He led a revolt against Cyrus and Tabalus, the Persian military commander or satrap whom Cyrus had put in charge of Lydia: . But no sooner had Cyrus marched away from Sardis than Pactyes made the Lydians to revolt from Tabalus and Cyrus; and he went down to the sea, where, as he had all the gold of Sardis, he hired soldiers and persuaded the men of the coast to join his army.
Remains of the acropolis of Sardis where Tabalus took refuge from the Lydian revolt. [1] Tabalus the Persian,Greek: Τάβαλος, was the first Persian satrap of Sardis. Cyrus the Great of Persia put him in place after conquering Lydia and annexing it into the Persian Empire in 546 BC. Herodotus mentions him in his histories (Hdt 1. 153-4):