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Ectopic enamel is an abnormality in the formation of enamel. It is tooth enamel that is found in an unusual location ( ectopia ), such as at the root of a tooth. [ 1 ] Enamel pearls are a type of ectopic enamel.
Enamel pearls can be composed of different dental tissues (enamel, dentin, etc.) and can thus be classified based on this composition. Enamel-dentin pearls make up the largest proportion pearls and consist of a core of tubular dentin surrounded by enamel. Large enamel-dentin pearls may contain pulp within and are termed enamel-dentin-pulp ...
Since enamel is semitranslucent, the color of dentin and any material underneath the enamel strongly affects the appearance of a tooth. The enamel on primary teeth has a more opaque crystalline form and thus appears whiter than on permanent teeth. The large amount of mineral in enamel accounts not only for its strength but also for its ...
The enamel cord, also called enamel septum, is a localization of cells on an enamel organ that appear from the outer enamel epithelium to an enamel knot. The function of the enamel cord and the enamel knot is not known, but they are believed to play a role in the placement of the first cusp developed in a tooth .
Enamel hypoplasia has a wide variety of known causes. Some causes are hereditary and others are from environmental exposure. The severity and localization of disease presentation is dependent on the timing and stage of tooth development in which the defective enamel formation occurred. Hereditary causes of enamel hypoplasia include:
Vitreous enamel, also called porcelain enamel, is a material made by fusing powdered glass to a substrate by firing, usually between 750 and 850 °C (1,380 and 1,560 °F). The powder melts, flows, and then hardens to a smooth, durable vitreous coating.
Enamel was first used on small pieces of jewellery, and has often disintegrated in ancient pieces that have been buried. Consistent and frequent use of champlevé technique is first seen in the La Tène style of early Celtic art in Europe, from the 3rd or 2nd century BC, where the predominant colour was a red, possibly intended as an imitation ...
Gnarled enamel is a description of enamel seen in histologic sections of a tooth underneath a cusp. This is optical appearance of enamel. The enamel appears different and very complex under the cusp, but this is not due to a different arrangement of dental tissues. Instead, the enamel still has the same arrangement of enamel rods. The strange ...