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G-10 or garolite is a high-pressure fiberglass laminate, a type of composite material. [1] It is created by stacking multiple layers of glass cloth, soaked in epoxy resin, then compressing the resulting material under heat until the epoxy cures. [2] [3] It is manufactured in flat sheets, most often a few millimeters thick.
Hence, FR-4 has since [when?] replaced G-10 in most applications. FR-4 epoxy resin systems typically employ bromine, a halogen, to facilitate flame-resistant properties in FR-4 glass epoxy laminates. Some applications where thermal destruction of the material is a desirable trait [citation needed] will still use G-10 non flame resistant.
It was developed in 1910 by the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company, which put the new material to use for casting synthetic blades for Westinghouse electric fans. [81] Novotext is a brand name for cotton textile-phenolic resin. [82] G-10 or garolite is made with fiberglass and epoxy resin.
Gyrolite, NaCa 16 (Si 23 Al)O 60 (OH) 8 ·14H 2 O, [3] is a rare silicate mineral (basic sodium calcium silicate hydrate: N-C-S-H, in cement chemist notation) belonging to the class of phyllosilicates.
A material property is an intensive property of a material, i.e., a physical property or chemical property that does not depend on the amount of the material. These quantitative properties may be used as a metric by which the benefits of one material versus another can be compared, thereby aiding in materials selection.
There are also weaker dependencies on temperature, pressure/stress, etc., as well on precise material compositions (presence of dopants, etc.); for many materials and typical conditions, however, these variations are at the percent level or less. Thus, it's especially important to cite the source for an index measurement if precision is required.
Inputs into the model include grating pitch and n and k spectra of all materials within the structure, while outputs can include Depth, CDs at multiple locations, and even sidewall angle. The n and k spectra of such materials can be obtained in accordance with the methodology described in this section for thin film measurements.
Unless stated otherwise, the properties of fused silica (quartz glass) and germania glass are derived from the SciGlass glass database by forming the arithmetic mean of all the experimental values from different authors (in general more than 10 independent sources for quartz glass and T g of germanium oxide glass). The list is not exhaustive.