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Cytochrome b is commonly used as a region of mitochondrial DNA for determining phylogenetic relationships between organisms, due to its sequence variability. It is considered to be most useful in determining relationships within families and genera. Comparative studies involving cytochrome b have resulted in new classification schemes and have ...
Location of the MT-CYB gene in the human mitochondrial genome (coral box).. Cytochrome b is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MT-CYB gene. [5] Its gene product is a subunit of the respiratory chain protein ubiquinol–cytochrome c reductase (UQCR, complex III or cytochrome bc 1 complex), which consists of the products of one mitochondrially encoded gene, MT-CYB (mitochondrial ...
In addition, Cytochrome b is commonly used as a region of mitochondrial DNA to determine phylogenetic relationships between organisms due to its sequence variability. It is considered most useful in determining relationships within families and genera. Comparative studies involving cytochrome b have resulted in new classification schemes and ...
Complex IV contains a cytochrome a/a3-domain that transfers electrons and catalyzes the reaction of oxygen to water. Photosystem II, the first protein complex in the light-dependent reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis, contains a cytochrome b subunit. Cyclooxygenase 2, an enzyme involved in inflammation, is a cytochrome b protein.
In humans, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) forms closed circular molecules that contain 16,569 [4] [5] DNA base pairs, [6] with each such molecule normally containing a full set of the mitochondrial genes. Each human mitochondrion contains, on average, approximately 5 such mtDNA molecules, with the quantity ranging between 1 and 15. [ 6 ]
The specialized protein cytochrome b5 is a class B cytochrome with a high and low potential heme b attached to the central iron on the protein. [4] The cytochrome b class is especially unique because it is attached to proteins within the inner mitochondrial membrane instead of on the outer portion, and this particular class has high sequence ...
The cytochrome P450 4F2 protein is encoded by the CYP4F2 gene in humans. The term "encoded" in this context means that the gene contains the information or instructions on how to make the protein. The gene is composed of a sequence of nucleotides—building blocks of DNA.
The CYBB gene encode cytochrome b-245, beta chain. This protein is subunit of a group of proteins that forms an enzyme complex called NADPH oxidase, which plays an essential role in the immune system. Within this complex, the cytochrome b-245, beta chain has an alpha chain partner (produced from the CYBA gene). Both alpha and beta chains are ...