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Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a Lentivirus that affects cats worldwide, with 2.5% to 4.4% [1] [2] of felines being infected.. FIV was first isolated in 1986, by Niels C Pedersen and Janet K. Yamamoto at the UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine in a colony of cats that had a high prevalence of opportunistic infections and degenerative conditions and was originally called Feline T ...
Feline diseases are often opportunistic and tend to be more serious in cats that already have concurrent sicknesses. Some of these can be treated and the animal can have a complete recovery. Others, like viral diseases, are more difficult to treat and cannot be treated with antibiotics, which are not effective against viruses.
Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is a retrovirus that infects cats.FeLV can be transmitted from infected cats when the transfer of saliva or nasal secretions is involved. If not defeated by the animal's immune system, the virus weakens the cat's immune system, which can lead to diseases which can be lethal.
The virus is easily spread through direct contact between cats. The most common form of spreading is through saliva, as most multiple cat homes share food and water dishes. [11] Another major form of spreading is grooming or fighting. When an infected cat grooms a healthy cat, it leaves its contaminated saliva on the fur.
The term feline urologic syndrome is an older term which is still sometimes used for this condition. It is a common disease in adult cats, though it can strike in young cats too. It may present as any of a variety of urinary tract problems, and can lead to a complete blockage of the urinary system, which if left untreated is fatal.
Feline morbillivirus comes from the genus Morbillivirus, specifically influencing wild and domestic cats. The first report of a Feline morbillivirus outbreak occurred in Hong Kong in 2012. Approximately 10% of stray cats in Hong Kong and mainland China were reported to possess the virus at the time with additional infections found in Japan as well.
Furthermore, all three feline Haemoplasma species have been detected in wild felids, suggesting the possibility that they may act as reservoirs of infection for arthropod transmission. [16] In 2008, M. haemofelis was detected in an AIDS patient from Brazil. [9]
Infection is commonly spread among cats by ocular secretion. [7] C. felis infection is most common in multicat environments such as shelters, breeder catteries, and among stray cat communities. [7] Young cats, around the age of one year or under, are at the highest risk of infection. [7] Infection can be detected either by culturing a sample or ...