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The stone tools may have been made by Australopithecus afarensis, the species whose best fossil example is Lucy, which inhabited East Africa at the same time as the date of the oldest stone tools, a yet unidentified species, or by Kenyanthropus platyops (a 3.2 to 3.5-million-year-old Pliocene hominin fossil discovered in 1999).
Findings from fossil evidence and experimental replication of stone-tool users and manufacturers suggest the presence of physical characteristics of hand morphology for precise stone tool making. [25] [29] The makers of Oldowan tools were mainly right-handed. [32] "
Stone tools Oldowan stone tools. May very well be earliest evidence of seafaring. Kozarnika, Dimovo Municipality [48] 1.4-1.6 Bulgaria Eastern Europe H. erectus (associated) Stone tools, hominin remains, cut marks on bone Pirro Nord [49] 1.3-1.6 [50] Italy Western Europe Stone tools Sterkfontein Member 5 [51] 1.1-1.6 South Africa Southern Africa
A comparative study of Pliocene hominin fossils from Lomekwi, west of Lake Turkana (Kenya) (PDF). Seventy-First Annual Meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists. p. 146. Feltman, Rachel (20 May 2015). "Stone tools may have been used before our genus came on the scene". Washington Post. List of stone tools and their 3D-model
The fossils and stone tools recovered at Dmanisi range in age from 1.85 to 1.77 million years old, [6] [7] [8] making the Dmanisi hominins the earliest well-dated hominin fossils in Eurasia and the best preserved fossils of early Homo from a single site so early in time, though earlier fossils and artifacts have been found in Asia.
The stone tools of these industries, along with preforms, lithic core, technical flakes, and pieces of angular debitage, mainly of chalcedony, are found on and in late middle Pleistocene-age fanglomerates and younger inset alluvial terraces in the Calico Hills (also known as the Yermo Hills) east of the Calico Peaks and the Calico Mountains.
The name Homo ergaster roughly translates to "working man", a reference to the more advanced tools used by the species in comparison to those of their ancestors. The fossil range of H. ergaster mainly covers the period of 1.7 to 1.4 million years ago, though a broader time range is possible. [4]
The fossils were dated using the established geochronology for the project area, argon-argon dating, and additional non-hominin fossils from the same period. [17] The date range for these fossils is between 4.8 and 4.32 million years ago. [17] Most of the fossils are fragments that are not associated with a single individual. [4]