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In chemistry, a number of prefixes, suffixes and infixes are used to describe the type and position of the functional groups in the compound. The steps for naming an organic compound are: [5] Identification of the most senior group. If more than one functional group, if any, is present, the one with highest group precedence should be used.
IUPAC nomenclature is used for the naming of chemical compounds, based on their chemical composition and their structure. [1] For example, one can deduce that 1-chloropropane has a Chlorine atom on the first carbon in the 3-carbon propane chain.
Chemical nomenclature however (with IUPAC nomenclature as the best example) is necessarily more restrictive: Its purpose is to standardize communication and practice so that, when a chemical term is used it has a fixed meaning relating to chemical structure, thereby giving insights into chemical properties and derived molecular functions. These ...
The IUPAC Nomenclature for Organic Chemical Transformations is a methodology for naming a chemical reaction.. Traditionally, most chemical reactions, especially in organic chemistry, are named after their inventors, the so-called name reactions, such as Knoevenagel condensation, Wittig reaction, Claisen–Schmidt condensation, Schotten–Baumann reaction, and Diels–Alder reaction.
A full edition was published in 1979, [1] an abridged and updated version of which was published in 1993 as A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds. [2] Both of these are now out-of-print in their paper versions, but are available free of charge in electronic versions.
The subunits that make up each of these structures are identified, i.e., the largest divalent groups that can be named using IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry. In the example, the two-carbon ethylidene unit is longer than two separate one-carbon methanediyl units. Figure 1. The order of subunit precedence.
Name of straight chain Synonyms 1 1 1 CH 4: methane: methyl hydride; natural gas 2 1 1 C 2 H 6: ethane: dimethyl; ethyl hydride; methyl methane 3 1 1 C 3 H 8: propane: dimethyl methane; propyl hydride 4 2 2 C 4 H 10: n-butane: butyl hydride; methylethyl methane 5 3 3 C 5 H 12: n-pentane: amyl hydride; Skellysolve A 6 5 5 C 6 H 14: n-hexane
These rules were the beginning of international cooperation for organic chemistry nomenclature. [1] They were decided upon by a group of 34 of leading chemists from 9 different European nations. Their goal was to provide rules for the naming of aliphatic compounds, some of which are still in place today such as the longest chain provides the ...