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The human urinary system, also known as the urinary tract or renal system, consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and the urethra. The purpose of the urinary system is to eliminate waste from the body, regulate blood volume and blood pressure, control levels of electrolytes and metabolites , and regulate blood pH .
The typical adult human bladder will hold between 300 and 500 ml (10 and 17 fl oz) before the urge to empty occurs, but can hold considerably more. [3] [4] The Latin phrase for "urinary bladder" is vesica urinaria, and the term vesical or prefix vesico-appear in connection with associated structures such as vesical veins.
The lungs are the part of respiratory system which helps to maintain acid–base homeostasis by regulating carbon dioxide (CO 2) concentration in the blood. The respiratory system is the first line of defense when the body experiences and acid–base problem. It attempts to return the body pH to a value of 7.4 by controlling the respiratory rate.
The location and structure of the narrowing can be investigated with a medical imaging scan in which dye is injected through the urinary meatus into the urethra, called a retrograde urethrogram. [25] Additional forms of imaging, such as ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging may also be used to provide further details. [25]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 31 January 2025. List of organ systems in the human body Part of a series of lists about Human anatomy General Features Regions Variations Movements Systems Structures Arteries Bones Eponymous Foramina Glands endocrine exocrine Lymphatic vessels Nerves Organs Systems Veins Muscles Abductors Adductors ...
Congenital disorders of the ureter and urinary tract affect 10% of infants. [13] These include partial or total duplication of the ureter (a duplex ureter), or the formation of a second irregularly placed ureter; [13] or where the junction with the bladder is malformed or a ureterocoele develops (usually in that location). [14]
The urethral sphincter is considered an integral part of maintaining urinary continence, and it is important to understand its role in some conditions: Stress urinary incontinence is a common problem related to the function of the urethral sphincter. Weak pelvic floor muscles, intrinsic sphincter damage, or damage to the surrounding nerves and ...
The renal pelvis is the location of several kinds of kidney cancer and is affected by infection in pyelonephritis. [citation needed] A large "staghorn" kidney stone may block all or part of the renal pelvis. The size of the renal pelvis plays a major role in the grading of hydronephrosis.