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M bol is the bolometric magnitude of the star; The new IAU absolute magnitude scale permanently disconnects the scale from the variable Sun. However, on this SI power scale, the nominal solar luminosity corresponds closely to M bol = 4.74, a value that was commonly adopted by astronomers before the 2015 IAU resolution. [10]
A near-infrared image of the R136 cluster. This cluster contains many of the most luminous known stars, including R136a1.Credit: ESO/VLT. This is a list of stars arranged by their absolute magnitude – their intrinsic stellar luminosity.
Consequently, a magnitude 1 star is about 2.5 times brighter than a magnitude 2 star, about 2.5 2 times brighter than a magnitude 3 star, about 2.5 3 times brighter than a magnitude 4 star, and so on. This is the modern magnitude system, which measures the brightness, not the apparent size, of stars.
The Alpha Centauri star system is the closest star system to the Sun. List of nearest M-type stars ... Absolute magnitude (V) Notes Proxima Centauri: 4.24 [1]
Most stars on this list appear bright from Earth because they are nearby, not because they are intrinsically luminous. For a list which compensates for the distances, converting the apparent magnitude to the absolute magnitude, see the list of most luminous stars. Some major asterisms, which feature many of the brightest stars in the night sky
Prominent stars in the neighborhood of the Sun (center) This list of nearest bright stars is a table of stars found within 15 parsecs (48.9 light-years) of the nearest star, the Sun, that have an absolute magnitude of +8.5 or brighter, which is approximately comparable to a listing of stars more luminous than a red dwarf.
The absolute magnitude M, of a star or astronomical object is defined as the apparent magnitude it would have as seen from a distance of 10 parsecs (33 ly). The absolute magnitude of the Sun is 4.83 in the V band (visual), 4.68 in the Gaia satellite's G band (green) and 5.48 in the B band (blue). [20] [21] [22]
Deneb's absolute magnitude is estimated as −8.4, placing it among the visually brightest stars known, with an estimated luminosity of nearly 200,000 L ☉. This is towards the upper end of values published over the past few decades. [27] [28] By the distance from Hipparcos parallax, Deneb has a luminosity of 55,000 L ☉. [9]