Ads
related to: bromine common properties reactivity and worksheet examples
Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Bromine addition to alkene reaction mechanism. An old qualitative test for the presence of the alkene functional group is that alkenes turn brown aqueous bromine solutions colourless, forming a bromohydrin with some of the dibromoalkane also produced. The reaction passes through a short-lived strongly electrophilic bromonium intermediate.
Its properties are thus similar to those of fluorine, chlorine, and iodine, and tend to be intermediate between those of chlorine and iodine, the two neighbouring halogens. Bromine has the electron configuration [Ar]4s 2 3d 10 4p 5, with the seven electrons in the fourth and outermost shell acting as its valence electrons.
Cyanogen bromide is a common reagent in organic synthesis. In most reactions, it acts as a source of electrophilic cyanogen and nucleophilic bromide; carbocations preferentially attack the nitrogen atom. [4] In the presence of a Lewis acid, it cyanidates arenes. [9] BrCN converts alcohols to cyanates; amines to cyanamides or dicyanamides. [4]
Free-radical substitution with bromine is commonly used to prepare organobromine compounds. Carbonyl-containing, benzylic, allylic substrates are especially prone to this reactions. For example, the commercially significant bromoacetic acid is generated directly from acetic acid and bromine in the presence of phosphorus tribromide catalyst:
Bromine readily reacts with water, i.e. it undergoes hydrolysis: Br 2 + H 2 O → HOBr + HBr. This forms hypobromous acid (HOBr), and hydrobromic acid (HBr in water). The solution is called "bromine water". The hydrolysis of bromine is more favorable in the presence of base, for example sodium hydroxide: Br 2 + NaOH → NaOBr + NaBr
Bromine water, Br 2. Bromine water is an oxidizing, intense brown mixture containing diatomic bromine (Br 2) dissolved in water (H 2 O). [1] It is often used as a reactive in chemical assays of recognition for substances which react with bromine in an aqueous environment with the halogenation mechanism, mainly unsaturated carbon compounds (carbon compounds with 1 or more double or triple bond(s)).
Bromine monochloride, also called bromine(I) chloride, bromochloride, and bromine chloride, is an interhalogen inorganic compound with chemical formula BrCl. It is a very reactive golden yellow gas with boiling point 5 °C and melting point −66 °C. Its CAS number is 13863-41-7, and its EINECS number is 237-601-4. [1]
Bromine pentafluoride (BrF 5) is a colourless fuming liquid, made by reacting bromine trifluoride with fluorine at 200 °C. It is physically stable, but decomposes violently on contact with water, organic substances, and most metals and nonmetals .