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The intercostal arteries are a group of arteries passing within an intercostal space (the space between two adjacent ribs). There are 9 anterior and 11 posterior intercostal arteries on each side of the body. The anterior intercostal arteries are branches of the internal thoracic artery and its terminal branch – the musculophrenic artery.
The intercostal veins are a group of veins which drain the area between the ribs ("costae"), called the intercostal space. They can be divided as follows: Anterior intercostal veins; Posterior intercostal veins. Posterior intercost vein that drain into the Supreme intercostal vein - 1st intercostal space
The lower branch of the space anastomoses with a collateral branch of the posterior intercostal artery. After passing the sixth intercostal space, the internal thoracic artery splits into the following two terminal branches: Musculophrenic artery – roughly follows the costal margin and it again gives branch for 7,8,9 ribs
Bilaterally, the internal thoracic vein arises from the superior epigastric vein, and accompanies the internal thoracic artery along its course. [1] It drains the intercostal veins, although the posterior drainage is often handled by the azygous veins. [1] It terminates in the brachiocephalic vein. [2] It has a width of 2-3 mm. [3]
In reference to the muscles of the thoracic wall, the intercostal nerves and vessels run posterior to the internal intercostal muscles: therefore, they are generally covered on the inside by the parietal pleura, except when they are covered by the innermost intercostal muscles, innermost intercostal membrane, subcostal muscles or the transversus thoracis muscle.
Perforating branches; six anterior intercostal branches. upper branches; lower branches of the space anastomoses; Musculophrenic artery. intercostal branches (three) branches to lower part of the pericardium; branches to diaphragm; branches to abdominal muscles; Superior epigastric artery
The branch for the second intercostal space usually joins with one from the highest aortic intercostal artery. This branch is not constant, but is more commonly found on the right side; when absent, its place is supplied by an intercostal branch from the aorta.
Intercostal vessels may refer to: Intercostal arteries. ... Highest intercostal artery; Anterior intercostal branches of internal thoracic artery; Intercostal veins.