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The Mali Empire started in 1230 and was the largest empire in West Africa and profoundly influenced the culture of West Africa through the spread of its language, laws and customs. [15] Until the 19th century, Timbuktu remained important as an outpost at the southwestern fringe of the Muslim world and a hub of the trans-Saharan slave trade .
The Mali Empire (Manding: Mandé [3] or Manden Duguba; [4] [5] Arabic: مالي, romanized: Mālī) was an empire in West Africa from c. 1226 to 1670. The empire was founded by Sundiata Keita ( c. 1214 – c. 1255 ) and became renowned for the wealth of its rulers, especially Mansa Musa (Musa Keita).
With Mali weakened and the Arma administration only able to hold the cities, Bambara and Fula war bands marauded through the countryside, eventually sacking Niani and occupying much of Manden. Mahmud IV took refuge in a fortress in the mountains north of Narena, dividing the responsibility of defending the remaining Mali territory between his sons.
Map of Maximus Planudes (c. 1300), earliest extant realization of Ptolemy's world map (2nd century) Gangnido (Korea, 1402) Bianco world map (1436) Fra Mauro map (c. 1450) Map of Bartolomeo Pareto (1455) Genoese map (1457) Map of Juan de la Cosa (1500) Cantino planisphere (1502) Piri Reis map (1513) Dieppe maps (c. 1540s-1560s) Mercator 1569 ...
There were many kingdoms and empires in all regions of the continent of Africa throughout history. A kingdom is a state with a king or queen as its head. [1] An empire is a political unit made up of several territories, military outposts, and peoples, "usually created by conquest, and divided between a dominant centre and subordinate peripheries".
During the 200 year period between 1301 and 1500 (the 14th and 15th century) the main civilizations and kingdoms in Africa were the Mali Empire, Kingdom of Kongo, Ife Empire, Benin Kingdom, Songhai Empire, Hausa City-states, Wolof Empire, Great Zimbabwe, Kingdom of Makuria, Kanem Empire,Ethiopian Empire, Kilwa Sultanate, Kingdom of Mapungubwe, Kingdom of Mutapa, and the Ajuran Sultanate.
Mansa Musa [a] (reigned c. 1312 – c. 1337 [b]) was the ninth [5] Mansa of the Mali Empire, which reached its territorial peak during his reign.Musa's reign is often regarded as the zenith of Mali's power and prestige, although he features less in Mandinka oral traditions than his predecessors.
A map of Mali Location of Mali. Mali is a landlocked nation in West Africa, located southwest of Algeria, extending south-west from the southern Sahara Desert through the Sahel to the Sudanian savanna zone. Mali's size is 1,240,192 square kilometers. Desert or semi-desert covers about 65 percent of Mali's total area (1,240,192 square kilometers).