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René Crevel, who according to Salvador Dalí was "the only serious communist among surrealists", [22] was isolated from Breton and other surrealists, who were unhappy with Crevel because of his bisexuality and annoyed with communists in general. [14] In 1938, Breton accepted a cultural commission from the French government to travel to Mexico.
The 'poet' was given a chair, a desk, and a pen to painfully write to the families of the dead and the wounded. He wrote more than 150 letters a day. At night, he dug graves to bury the dead. For the first time since Clavadel, shaken by the horrors of the war, he started writing verses again.
Max Ernst, The Elephant Celebes, 1921. The word surrealism was first coined in March 1917 by Guillaume Apollinaire. [10] He wrote in a letter to Paul Dermée: "All things considered, I think in fact it is better to adopt surrealism than supernaturalism, which I first used" [Tout bien examiné, je crois en effet qu'il vaut mieux adopter surréalisme que surnaturalisme que j'avais d'abord employé].
Louis Aragon (French: [lwi aʁaɡɔ̃] ⓘ; 3 October 1897 – 24 December 1982) was a French poet who was one of the leading voices of the surrealist movement in France. He co-founded with André Breton and Philippe Soupault the surrealist review Littérature.
It was written in an absurdist manner influenced by Dadaism. The manifesto references the works of Marquis de Sade , Charles Baudelaire , Arthur Rimbaud , Comte de Lautréamont , Raymond Roussel , and Dante as precursors to surrealism and the poetry of Philippe Soupault , Paul Éluard , Robert Desnos and Louis Aragon as surrealist.
Jean Nicolas Arthur Rimbaud (UK: / ˈ r æ̃ b oʊ /, US: / r æ m ˈ b oʊ /; [3] [4] French: [ʒɑ̃ nikɔla aʁtyʁ ʁɛ̃bo] ⓘ; 20 October 1854 – 10 November 1891) was a French poet known for his transgressive and surreal themes and for his influence on modern literature and arts, prefiguring surrealism.
Shortly after his death, Mercure de France published Calligrammes, a collection of his concrete poetry (poetry in which typography and layout adds to the overall effect), and more orthodox, though still modernist poems informed by Apollinaire's experiences in the First World War and in which he often used the technique of automatic writing.
An echo poem is a poem written using a technique invented by Aurélien Dauguet in 1972. The poem is composed by one or more persons, working together in a process as follows. The first "stanza" of the poem is written on the left-hand column of a piece of paper divided into two columns. Then the "opposite", or 'echo', of the first stanza, in ...