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The Italian colonization of Libya began in 1911 and it lasted until 1943. The country, which was previously an Ottoman possession , was occupied by Italy in 1911 after the Italo-Turkish War , which resulted in the establishment of two colonies: Italian Tripolitania and Italian Cyrenaica .
An Italian drawing depicting Ottoman officials surrendering Libya to Italian colonial forces while Libyans prostrate themselves before the Italian colonial soldiers, 1912. Italian efforts to colonise Libya began in 1911, and were characterised initially by major struggles with Muslim native Libyans that lasted until 1931.
Italian-sponsored Arabic language publications, most notably "Libya al-Musawara", and films from the colonial period indicate numerous visits to Libya by officials from Nazi Germany. Historian Ali Abdullatif Ahmida stated that the extreme violence carried out against Libyans by Italian fascists served as a blueprint for the atrocities that Nazi ...
The Italian colonial empire (Italian: Impero coloniale italiano), also known as the Italian Empire (Impero italiano) between 1936 and 1941, was founded in Africa in the 19th century. It comprised the colonies , protectorates , concessions and dependencies of the Kingdom of Italy .
The Second Italo-Senussi War, also referred to as the Pacification of Libya, was a conflict that occurred during the Italian colonization of Libya between Italian military forces (composed mainly by colonial troops from Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia) [4] and indigenous rebels associated with the Senussi Order.
Italian politicians began expressing their own interests in an invasion of the territory as early as 1908 [2] and subsequently the Italian press began a massive lobbying campaign in favour of an invasion of Libya towards the end of March 1911. It was fancifully depicted as rich of minerals, full of water, and defended by only 4,000 Ottoman troops.
One of the initial Italian objectives in Libya, indeed, had been the relief of overpopulation and unemployment in Italy through emigration to the undeveloped colony. With security established, systematic "demographic colonization" was encouraged by King Victor Emmanuel III's government. A project initiated by Libya's governor, Italo Balbo ...
Italian Cyrenaica (Italian: Cirenaica Italiana; Arabic: برقة الايطالیة) was an Italian colony, located in present-day eastern Libya, that existed from 1911 to 1934. It was part of the territory conquered from the Ottoman Empire during the Italo-Turkish War of 1911, [ 1 ] alongside Italian Tripolitania .