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Megavirus [2] is a viral genus, phylogenetically related to Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus (APMV). [3] In colloquial speech, Megavirus chilense is more commonly referred to as just "Megavirus". Until the discovery of pandoraviruses in 2013, it had the largest capsid diameter of all known viruses, as well as the largest and most complex genome ...
The first mimivirus (BV-PW1) was described in 1995, [15] but was not recognized as such until its sequenced genome was released as Cafeteria roenbergensis virus (CroV) in 2010. [16] Subsequently, the Giant Virus Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus was characterized [17] (which had been mistaken as a bacterium in 1993), [18] and then sequenced. [19]
The first member of this family, Mimivirus, was discovered in 2003, [6] and the first complete genome sequence was published in 2004. [7] However, the mimivirus Cafeteria roenbergensis virus [8] was isolated and partially characterized in 1995, [9] although the host was misidentified at the time, and the virus was designated BV-PW1.
The mimivirus is the fourth-largest virus, after the Megavirus chilensis, Pandoravirus and Pithovirus. Mimivirus has a capsid diameter of 400 nm. Protein filaments measuring 100 nm project from the surface of the capsid, bringing the total length of the virus up to 600 nm.
Johan Hultin made multiple attempts during the 20th century to culture 1918 influenza virus he found in the frozen corpses of pandemic victims at Brevig Mission in Alaska. Every attempt failed, which suggested that the influenza virus is incapable of surviving the thaw after being frozen.
Mimivirus, a nucleocytoplasmic large DNA virus with a genome size of about 1.1 megabases, was described in 1992 but not recognized as a virus until 2003. [9] Megavirus, discovered in seawater off the coast of Chile in 2011, has a genome size of approximately 1.2 megabases. [10]
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