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[66] [67] Aware of Italy's material and planning deficiencies leading up to World War II, and believing that Italy's entry into the war on the side of Germany was inevitable, the English blockaded German coal imports from 1 March 1940 in an attempt to bring Italian industry to a standstill. [68]
The Italian campaign of World War II, also called the Liberation of Italy following the German occupation in September 1943, consisted of Allied and Axis operations in and around Italy, from 1943 to 1945.
The Spring 1945 offensive in Italy, codenamed Operation Grapeshot, was the final Allied attack during the Italian Campaign in the final stages of the Second World War. [6] The attack in the Lombard Plain by the 15th Allied Army Group started on 6 April 1945 and ended on 2 May with the surrender of all Axis forces in Italy .
The Surrender at Caserta (Italian: Resa di Caserta, pronounced [ˈreːza di kaˈzɛrta]) of 29 April 1945 was the written agreement that formalized the surrender of German and Italian Fascist forces in Italy, ending the Italian Campaign of World War II. [1]
April also witnessed the capture of at least 120,000 German troops by the Western Allies in the last campaign of the war in Italy. [2] In the three to four months up to the end of April, over 800,000 German soldiers surrendered on the Eastern Front. [ 2 ]
Ethnicity/nationality Approximate number of soldiers surrendered Japanese 9,779,248 Germans 4,889,905 Italians 429,600 Russians 70,000 (including 50,000 Cossacks)
The fifth phase (1940–1943) was World War II itself, ending in military defeat, while the sixth and final phase (1943–1945) was the rump Salò Government under German control. [2] Italy was a leading member of the Axis powers in World War II, battling with initial success on several fronts.
He accepted the title of emperor in 1936 at the end of Second Italo-Ethiopian War, then the alliance with Nazi Germany and Italy's entry into World War II on 10 June 1940. [25] Hostilities ended on 29 April 1945, when the German forces in Italy surrendered.