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By far the most popular is the 12 gauge, [7] particularly in the United States. [8] The 20-gauge shotgun is the next most popular size, being favored by shooters uncomfortable with the weight of a 12-gauge gun, and is popular for upland game hunting. The next most popular sizes are the .410 bore and the 28 gauge.
The need for a micrometer or other accurate linear measurement tool, for sizing round shot diameter, was eliminated in both instances. Note that the 410 gauge shotgun is somewhat misleading in name, as the barrel is .410 inches in diameter, and it draws its name from this rather than the weight of shot.
The 20-gauge shotgun, also known as 20 bore, is a type of smoothbore shotgun. 20-gauge shotguns have a bore diameter of .615 in (15.6 mm), while the 12-gauge has a bore diameter of .729 in (18.5 mm). [ 2 ] 12-gauge and 20-gauge shotguns are the most popular gauges in the United States .
A 12-gauge shotgun cartridge in a transparent plastic hull, allowing the contents to be seen. From left to right: brass, propellant, over-powder wad, shot wad, #8 birdshot, over-shot wad, and crimp. A shotgun cartridge, shotshell, or shell is a type of rimmed, cylindrical (straight-walled) ammunition used specifically in shotguns.
Shotgun conversion sleeves may be called subgauge inserts, subgauge tubes, or gauge reducers. Sleeves intended for rifle or handgun cartridges may have rifled barrels. Additional variations may allow centerfire weapons to fire rimfire ammunition and/or retain autoloading function with the smaller cartridge.
Military use of combat shotguns through the 20th century has created a need for ammunition maximizing the combat effectiveness of such weapons within the limitations of international law. 12-gauge has been widely accepted as an appropriate bore diameter to provide an effective number of projectiles within an acceptable recoil.
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12 gauge United States: 1972 Baikal MP-153: Izhevsk Mechanical Plant: 12 gauge Russia: 2001 Bandayevsky RB-12: Aleksandr Bandayevsky: 12 gauge Russia: 1995 Benelli M1: Benelli Armi: 12 gauge 20 gauge Italy: 1986 Benelli M3: Benelli Armi: 12 gauge 20 gauge Italy: 1989 Benelli M1014: Benelli Armi: 12 gauge Italy: 1999 Benelli Nova: Benelli Armi ...