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Sino–African relations, also referred to as Africa–China relations or Afro–Chinese relations, are the historical, political, economic, military, social, and cultural connections between China and the African continent. Little is known about ancient relations between China and Africa, though there is some evidence of early trade connections.
With China's rapid economic development and its increased investment in Africa, a new round of debate has emerged over whether Chinese investment in Africa is imperialistic. Horace Campbell has called this debate "superficial" and considers China's involvement as still distinct from Western imperialism. [28]
Since 2009, a switch has been noticed in China's approach to Africa. The new tack has been to underline long-term stability in light of the worldwide economic crisis. [25] Some major projects get stopped, such as in Angola, where 2/3 of a US$4 billion CIF fund disappeared, it is unclear where this money went.
The third wave ("New Imperialism") consisted of the Scramble for Africa regulated by the terms of the Berlin Conference of 1884–1885. The conference effectively divided Africa among the European powers. Vast regions of Africa came under the sway of Britain, France, Germany, Portugal, Belgium, Italy and Spain. [9] [10]
Timeline of Chinese history. This is a timeline of Chinese history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in China and its dynasties. To read about the background to these events, see History of China. See also the list of Chinese monarchs, Chinese emperors family tree, dynasties of China and years in China.
Kirby, William C., et al. Normalization of US-China relations: an international history (Harvard University Asia Center Publications Program, 2005). Wang, Dong. The United States and China: A history from the eighteenth century to the present (Rowman & Littlefield, 2021).
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 28 February 2025. Colonial expansion in late 19th and early 20th centuries "Neoimperialism" redirects here. For indirect imperialism and colonial practices following decolonization, see Neocolonialism. For broader coverage of this topic, see Imperialism. This article has multiple issues. Please help ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 7 March 2025. There is 1 pending revision awaiting review. Chinese global infrastructure project Belt and Road Initiative Abbreviation BRI Formation 2013 ; 12 years ago (2013) 2017 (2017) (Forum) 2019 (Forum) 2023 (Forum) Founder People's Republic of China Legal status Active Purpose Promote economic ...