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  2. Food web - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_web

    Population structure, migration rates, and environmental refuge for prey are other possible causes for pyramids with biomass inverted. Energy pyramids, however, will always have an upright pyramid shape if all sources of food energy are included and this is dictated by the second law of thermodynamics. [7] [51]

  3. Migration (ecology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Migration_(ecology)

    Migration, in ecology, is the large-scale movement of members of a species to a different environment. Migration is a natural behavior and component of the life cycle of many species of mobile organisms, not limited to animals, though animal migration is the best known type. Migration is often cyclical, frequently occurring on a seasonal basis ...

  4. Diel vertical migration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diel_vertical_migration

    Diel vertical migration (DVM), also known as diurnal vertical migration, is a pattern of movement used by some organisms, such as copepods, living in the ocean and in lakes. The adjective "diel" (IPA: / ˈdaɪ.əl /, / ˈdiː.əl /) comes from Latin: diēs, lit. 'day', and refers to a 24-hour period. The migration occurs when organisms move up ...

  5. Marine food web - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_food_web

    Population structure, migration rates, and environmental refuge for prey are other possible causes for pyramids with biomass inverted. Energy pyramids, however, will always have an upright pyramid shape if all sources of food energy are included, since this is dictated by the second law of thermodynamics." [196] [197]

  6. Bird migration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird_migration

    Migration is the regular seasonal movement, often north and south, undertaken by many species of birds. Migration is marked by its annual seasonality and movement between breeding and non-breeding areas. [16] Nonmigratory bird movements include those made in response to environmental changes including in food availability, habitat, or weather.

  7. Food energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_energy

    Food energy. Food energy is chemical energy that animals (including humans) derive from their food to sustain their metabolism, including their muscular activity. [1] Most animals derive most of their energy from aerobic respiration, namely combining the carbohydrates, fats, and proteins with oxygen from air or dissolved in water. [2]

  8. Animal migration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_migration

    Animal migration is the relatively long-distance movement of individual animals, usually on a seasonal basis. It is the most common form of migration in ecology. It is found in all major animal groups, including birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, amphibians, insects, and crustaceans. The cause of migration may be local climate, local availability ...

  9. Human migration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_migration

    Human migration is the movement of people from one place to another, [1] with intentions of settling, permanently or temporarily, at a new location (geographic region). The movement often occurs over long distances and from one country to another (external migration), but internal migration (within a single country) is the dominant form of ...