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In mathematics, the factorial of a non-negative integer , denoted by , is the product of all positive integers less than or equal to . The factorial of also equals the product of with the next smaller factorial: For example, The value of 0! is 1, according to the convention for an empty product. [1]
The value of each is taken to be 1 (an empty product) when =. These symbols are collectively called factorial powers. [2] The Pochhammer symbol, introduced by Leo August Pochhammer, is the notation (), where n is a non-negative integer.
If k > n, (n − k)! is the factorial of a negative integer and hence infinite if we use the gamma function definition of factorials—dividing by infinity gives the expected value of 0. We can replace the factorial by a gamma function to extend any such formula to the complex numbers.
Definition. The factorial number system is a mixed radix numeral system: the i -th digit from the right has base i, which means that the digit must be strictly less than i, and that (taking into account the bases of the less significant digits) its value is to be multiplied by (i − 1)! (its place value). Radix/Base. 8.
In mathematics, the double factorial of a number n, denoted by n‼, is the product of all the positive integers up to n that have the same parity (odd or even) as n. [ 1 ] That is, Restated, this says that for even n, the double factorial 2 is while for odd n it is For example, 9‼ = 9 × 7 × 5 × 3 × 1 = 945. The zero double factorial 0‼ ...
List of mathematical series. This list of mathematical series contains formulae for finite and infinite sums. It can be used in conjunction with other tools for evaluating sums. is a Bernoulli polynomial. is an Euler number. is the Riemann zeta function. is the gamma function. is a polygamma function. is a polylogarithm.
In mathematics, Stirling's approximation (or Stirling's formula) is an asymptotic approximation for factorials. It is a good approximation, leading to accurate results even for small values of . It is named after James Stirling, though a related but less precise result was first stated by Abraham de Moivre. [1][2][3]
The gamma function is an important special function in mathematics. Its particular values can be expressed in closed form for integer and half-integer arguments, but no simple expressions are known for the values at rational points in general. Other fractional arguments can be approximated through efficient infinite products, infinite series ...