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The gastric mucosal barrier is the property of the stomach that allows it to safely contain the gastric acid required for digestion. If the barrier is broken, as by acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, aspirin) in acid solution, acid diffuses back into the mucosa where it can cause damage to the stomach itself.
Rebamipide, an amino acid derivative of 2-(1H)-quinolinone, is used for mucosal protection, [1] healing of gastroduodenal ulcers, and treatment of gastritis. [2] It works by enhancing mucosal defense, scavenging free radicals, [3] and temporarily activating genes encoding cyclooxygenase-2.
Gastric erosion occurs when the mucous membrane lining the stomach becomes inflamed. Specifically, the term "erosion" in this context means damage that is limited to the mucosa, which consists of three distinct layers: the epithelium (in the case of a healthy stomach, this is non-ciliated simple columnar epithelium), the basement membrane, and the lamina propria.
Gastroparesis is a condition that happens when your stomach muscles fail to contract normally, which can slow down or stop digestion altogether. This sort of gut paralysis is what leads to ...
The gastrointestinal wall of the gastrointestinal tract is made up of four layers of specialised tissue. From the inner cavity of the gut (the lumen) outwards, these are the mucosa, the submucosa, the muscular layer and the serosa or adventitia. The mucosa is the innermost layer of the gastrointestinal tract.
COX-1 is a constitutively expressed enzyme with a "house-keeping" role in regulating many normal physiological processes. One of these is in the stomach lining, where prostaglandins serve a protective role, preventing the stomach mucosa from being eroded by its own acid. COX-2 is an enzyme facultatively expressed in inflammation, and it is ...
They are mediators and have a variety of strong physiological effects, such as regulating the contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle tissue. [8] There are many prostaglandins with many effects. Prostaglandin E2 has effects including reducing gastric acid and increasing gastric mucus, which among other effects treat acid-related disorders. [9]
Prokinetic medications are effective in treating functional dyspepsia by stimulating the contractions of the stomach's smooth muscle and have been suggested as initial treatments for PDS. Prokinetics include agonists of the 5-HT receptor 4 (5-HT4), antagonists of the D(2) dopamine receptor , and agonists of the motilin receptor , such ...