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The first Australian mining laws were enacted in 1851. [1] Before that, ownership of minerals and petroleum passed to those who were granted title to land by the colonial governors according to common law concepts, except the right to "Royal Mines" (the precious metals of gold and silver) which remained vested in the Crown by virtue of Royal prerogative.
In 2002, the Western Australian government and Clive Palmer entered into an agreement—the Iron Ore Processing (Mineralogy Pty Ltd) Agreement Act 2002, as permitted under the Government Agreements Act 1979 [2] —which established the mining rights of Palmer and seven of his companies in Western Australia.
In Western Australia, the Warden's Court is constituted under the Mining Act 1978 and has jurisdiction throughout the state. Any person holding office as a stipendiary magistrate may be appointed as a mining warden and preside over a court sitting.
Western Australia, in 2021–22, was the fourth largest producer of rare earths in the world, producing 30,000 tonnes, an increase compared to the previous period. Rare earths sales from the state achieved a value of A$779 million. [16] Rare earths mining in Western Australia takes place at the Mount Weld mine, operated by Lynas. [17]
Iron ore mining in Western Australia, in the 2018–19 financial year, accounted for 54 percent of the total value of the state's resource production, with a value of A$78.2 billion. The overall value of the minerals and petroleum industry in Western Australia was A$145 billion in 2018–19, a 26 percent increase on the previous financial year.
The Department of Energy, Mines, Industry Regulation and Safety (DEMIRS) is a department of the Government of Western Australia.The department was formed on 1 July 2017, out of the former Department of Mines and Petroleum and Department of Commerce.
The West Kambalda Railway Act 1972, an act by the Parliament of Western Australia assented to on 9 June 1972, authorised the construction by the Western Australian Government Railways of a 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) spur railway line from the Esperance railway line at Kambalda West to the Kambalda nickel concentrator. [22]
The Minerals Resource Rent Tax (MRRT) was a resource rent tax formerly imposed by the government of Australia on profits generated from the mining of non-renewable resources in Australia. [1] It was a replacement for the proposed Resource Super Profit Tax ( RSPT ).