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Old Spanish (roman, romançe, romaz; [3] Spanish: español medieval), also known as Old Castilian or Medieval Spanish, refers to the varieties of Ibero-Romance spoken predominantly in Castile and environs during the Middle Ages. The earliest, longest, and most famous literary composition in Old Spanish is the Cantar de mio Cid (ca. 1140–1207).
Early Modern Spanish (also called classical Spanish or Golden Age Spanish, especially in literary contexts) is the variant of Spanish used between the end of the 15th century and the end of the 17th century, marked by a series of phonological and grammatical changes that transformed Old Spanish into Modern Spanish. Notable changes from Old ...
Because Old Spanish resembles the modern written language to a relatively high degree, a reader of Modern Spanish can learn to read medieval documents without much difficulty. The Spanish Royal Academy was founded in 1713, largely with the purpose of standardizing the language.
Spanish (español) or Castilian (castellano) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin spoken on the Iberian Peninsula of Europe. Today, it is a global language with about 500 million native speakers, mainly in the Americas and Spain, and about 600 million when including second language ...
Sureño Central (central southern variant) Costeño (coastal variant) Chiapaneco (south-eastern variant, similar to Central American Spanish) Yucateco (eastern variant) In purple, the major variations and dialects of Castilian/Spanish in Spain. In other colors, the extent of the other languages of Spain in the bilingual areas.
Formally speaking, the national language of Spain, the official Spanish language, is the Castilian language (as opposed to the regional languages of Spain, such as Galician, Catalan, Asturleonese, and Basque). As such both names, español and castellano, have distinct and independent meanings that may be required for clarity in some specific ...
Castellano septentrional ("Northern Castilian") is the Spanish term for the dialects from the Northern half of Spain, including those from Aragón or Navarre, which were never part of Castile. These dialects can be distinguished from the southern varieties of Andalusia, Extremadura, and Murcia. [8] Español castellano, the literal translation ...
Number of total speakers of each Romance language, as fractions of the total (2024) The Romance language most widely spoken natively today is Spanish, followed by Portuguese, French, Italian and Romanian, which together cover a vast territory in Europe and beyond, and work as official and national languages in dozens of countries.