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Antimalarial medication. Antimalarial medications or simply antimalarials are a type of antiparasitic chemical agent, often naturally derived, that can be used to treat or to prevent malaria, in the latter case, most often aiming at two susceptible target groups, young children and pregnant women. [1] As of 2018, modern treatments, including ...
The first effective treatment for malaria came from the bark of the cinchona tree, which contains quinine. After the link to mosquitos and their parasites was identified in the early twentieth century, mosquito control measures such as widespread use of the insecticide DDT , swamp drainage, covering or oiling the surface of open water sources ...
Artesunate is the first-line treatment for children or adults with severe malaria, [16] [17] [18] usually in combination with another antimalarial drug. There is moderate-quality evidence that treatment with artesunate plus mefloquine is superior to treatment with artesunate plus amodiaquine or artesunate plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine. [19]
Malaria was once common in the United States, but the US eliminated malaria from most parts of the country in the early 20th century using vector control programs, which combined the monitoring and treatment of infected humans, draining of wetland breeding grounds for agriculture and other changes in water management practices, and advances in ...
Haemosporidium vigesimotertianae Lewkowicz, 1897. Plasmodium falciparum is a unicellular protozoan parasite of humans, and the deadliest species of Plasmodium that causes malaria in humans. [2] The parasite is transmitted through the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito and causes the disease's most dangerous form, falciparum malaria.
The first treatment identified is thought to be quinine, one of four alkaloids from the bark of the Cinchona tree. Originally it was used by the tribes of Ecuador and Peru for treating fevers. Its role in treating malaria was recognised and recorded first by an Augustine monk from Lima, Peru in 1633. Seven years later the drug had reached ...
For severe malaria, the WHO recommends intravenous or intramuscular treatment with the artemisinin derivative artesunate for at least 24 hours. [13] Artesunate treatment is continued until the treated person is well enough to take oral medication. They are then given a three-day course of an ACT, for uncomplicated malaria. [13]
Mefloquine. Mefloquine, sold under the brand name Lariam among others, is a medication used to prevent or treat malaria. [4] When used for prevention it is typically started before potential exposure and continued for several weeks after potential exposure. [4] It can be used to treat mild or moderate malaria but is not recommended for severe ...