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German honorifics. Honorifics are words that connote esteem or respect when used in addressing or referring to a person. In the German language, honorifics distinguish people by age, sex, profession, academic achievement, and rank. In the past, a distinction was also made between married and unmarried women.
A salutation is a greeting used in a letter or other communication. Salutations can be formal or informal. The most common form of salutation in an English letter includes the recipient's given name or title. For each style of salutation there is an accompanying style of complimentary close, known as valediction.
Servus, and various local variants thereof, is a salutation used in many parts of Central and Eastern Europe. It is a word of greeting or parting like the Italian ciao (which also comes from the slave meaning through Venetian s'ciavo). [1] The salutation is spelled servus in German, [2] Bavarian, Slovak, [3] Romanian [4] and Czech. [5]
Grüß Gott. The expression grüß Gott (German pronunciation: [ɡʁyːs ˈɡɔt]; from grüß dich Gott, originally ' (may) God bless (you)') [1] is a greeting, less often a farewell, in Southern Germany and Austria (more specifically the Upper German Sprachraum, especially in Bavaria, Franconia, Swabia, Austria, and South Tyrol).
A valediction (derivation from Latin vale dicere, "to say farewell"), [1] or complimentary close in American English, [2] is an expression used to say farewell, especially a word or phrase used to end a letter or message, [3] [4] or a speech made at a farewell. [3] Valediction's counterpart is a greeting called a salutation.
Conversely, forms that are inappropriately formal may be seen as impolitely snobbish [3] or distant. The way politeness is expressed varies greatly with language and region. For example, addressing a person with an honorific or title may be expected in some languages, but seen as intrusive or too formal in others.
Diplomatic correspondence. An 1862 letter of condolence from Abraham Lincoln to Queen Victoria on the occasion of the death of Prince Albert shows the republican salutation "Great and Good Friend". Diplomatic correspondence is correspondence between one state and another and is usually of a formal character. It follows several widely observed ...
Bundt cake (from Bundkuchen; in German: a Gug (e)lhupf)—a ring cake. Delicatessen (German spelling: Delikatessen)—a speciality food retailer; fine foods. Dunkel (also Dunkles)—a dark beer. Emmentaler (also Emmental)—a yellow, medium-hard Swiss cheese that originated in the area around Emmental, Canton Bern.