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Amounts of blood: large amounts of blood, or there is blood-streaked sputum; Probable source of bleeding: Is the blood coughed up, or vomited? Bloody sputum. color, characters: blood-streaked, fresh blood, frothy pink, bloody gelatinous. Accompanying symptoms fever, chest pain, coughing, purulent sputum, mucocutaneous bleeding, jaundice.
The most apparent symptom of pneumonic plague is coughing, often with hemoptysis (coughing up blood). With pneumonic plague, the first signs of illness are fever, headache, weakness and rapidly developing pneumonia with shortness of breath, chest pain, cough and sometimes bloody or watery sputum.
When a flea bites a human and contaminates the wound with regurgitated blood, the plague-causing bacteria are passed into the tissue. Y. pestis can reproduce inside cells, so even if phagocytosed, they can still survive. Once in the body, the bacteria can enter the lymphatic system, which drains interstitial fluid.
Also known as phlegm, mucus is made up of mostly water, but it also contains "remnants of skin-lining cells (epithelial cells), antimicrobial enzymes, proteins and inorganic salts," explains Nasseri.
Wheezing and coughing are other signs. [12] Coughing up blood or bloody sputum is present in up to half of cases. [12] Cardiac output (the volume of blood pumped by the heart) may be reduced, [11] and hypotension (low blood pressure) is frequently present. [6]
Consequently, the unclotted blood bleeds into the skin and other organs, leading to a red or black patchy rash and to hematemesis (vomiting blood) or hemoptysis (coughing up blood). The rash may cause bumps on the skin that look somewhat like insect bites, usually red, sometimes white in the centre. [citation needed]
Fever, cough, chest pain, and difficulty breathing, or coughing up blood, can occur when the lungs are involved. [6] A stomach ache, nausea, vomiting and bleeding can occur when the gastrointestinal tract is involved. [6] [27] Affected skin may appear as a dusky reddish tender patch with a darkening centre due to tissue death. [13]
Control your cough. Coughing is a physiologic way to rid one of some of the congestion, says Amesh A. Adalja, M.D., senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security. Controlled cough ...