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Bureaucrat. A bureaucrat is a member of a bureaucracy and can compose the administration of any organization of any size, although the term usually connotes someone within an institution of government. The term bureaucrat derives from "bureaucracy", which in turn derives from the French "bureaucratie" first known from the 18th century. [1]
Law. Bureaucracy (/ bjʊəˈrɒkrəsi /; bure-OK-rə-see) is a system of organization where decisions are made by a body of non-elected officials. [1] Historically, a bureaucracy was a government administration managed by departments staffed with non-elected officials. [2] Today, bureaucracy is the administrative system governing any large ...
US Government Manual, official freely downloadable PDFs of annual printed versions. Federal Agency Directory, online database maintained by the Louisiana State University Libraries in partnership with the Federal Depository Library Program of the GPO; A–Z Index of US Departments and Agencies, USA.gov, the US government's official web portal ...
Politics. Street-level bureaucracy is the subset of a public agency or government institution where the civil servants work who have direct contact with members of the general public. Street-level civil servants carry out and/or enforce the actions required by a government's laws and public policies, in areas ranging from safety and security to ...
The United States federal executive departments are the principal units of the executive branch of the federal government of the United States. They are analogous to ministries common in parliamentary or semi-presidential systems but (the United States being a presidential system) they are led by a head of government who is also the head of ...
The term representative bureaucracy is generally attributed to J. Donald Kingsley's book titled Representative Bureaucracy that was published in 1944. In his book, Kingsley calls for a " liberalization of social class selection for the English bureaucracy," due to the "Dominance of social, political, and economic elites within the British bureaucracy" which he claimed resulted in programs and ...
Bureaucratic drift in American political science is a theory that seeks to explain the tendency for bureaucratic agencies to create policy that deviates from the original mandate. [1][2][3] The difference between a bureaucracy's enactment of a law and the legislature's intent is called bureaucratic drift. [4][5] Legislation is produced by ...
t. e. In the United States government, independent agencies are agencies that exist outside the federal executive departments (those headed by a Cabinet secretary) and the Executive Office of the President. [1]: 6 In a narrower sense, the term refers only to those independent agencies that, while considered part of the executive branch, have ...