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Chromatography – a physical method of separation that distributes components to separate between two phases, one stationary (stationary phase), the other (the mobile phase) moving in a definite direction. Eluent (sometimes spelled eluant) – the solvent or solvent fixure used in elution chromatography and is synonymous with mobile phase.
Gas chromatography is the process of separating compounds in a mixture by injecting a gaseous or liquid sample into a mobile phase, typically called the carrier gas, and passing the gas through a stationary phase. The mobile phase is usually an inert gas or an unreactive gas such as helium, argon, nitrogen or hydrogen. [1]
Column chromatography in chemistry is a chromatography method used to isolate a single chemical compound from a mixture. Chromatography is able to separate substances based on differential adsorption of compounds to the adsorbent; compounds move through the column at different rates, allowing them to be separated into fractions.
Desalting and buffer exchange are methods to separate soluble macromolecules from smaller molecules (desalting) or replace the buffer system used for another one suitable for a downstream application (buffer exchange). [1] These methods are based on gel filtration chromatography, [2] also called molecular sieve chromatography, which is a form ...
Elution. In analytical and organic chemistry, elution is the process of extracting one material from another by washing with a solvent: washing of loaded ion-exchange resins to remove captured ions, or eluting proteins or other biopolymers from a gel electrophoresis or chromatography column. In a liquid chromatography experiment, for example ...
Thin-layer chromatography. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a chromatography technique that separates components in non-volatile mixtures. [1] It is performed on a TLC plate made up of a non-reactive solid coated with a thin layer of adsorbent material. [2] This is called the stationary phase. [2] The sample is deposited on the plate, which ...
Supercritical fluid chromatography. Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) [1] is a form of normal phase chromatography that uses a supercritical fluid such as carbon dioxide as the mobile phase. [2][3] It is used for the analysis and purification of low to moderate molecular weight, thermally labile molecules and can also be used for the ...
Chromatography, literally "color writing", [1] was used—and named— in the first decade of the 20th century, primarily for the separation of plant pigments such as chlorophyll (which is green) and carotenoids (which are orange and yellow). New forms of chromatography developed in the 1930s and 1940s made the technique useful for a wide range ...