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History of Turkey. The Ottoman Empire was founded c. 1299 by Osman I as a small beylik in northwestern Asia Minor just south of the Byzantine capital Constantinople. In 1326, the Ottomans captured nearby Bursa, cutting off Asia Minor from Byzantine control.
The Ottoman Empire was first subdivided into provinces, in the sense of fixed territorial units with governors appointed by the sultan, in the late 14th century. [68] The Eyalet (also Pashalik or Beylerbeylik) was the territory of office of a Beylerbey ("lord of lords" or governor), and was further subdivided into Sanjaks. [69]
First Balkan War: The Ottoman Empire is nearly wiped out from Europe, save for Istanbul and just enough land around to defend it. 1914: August 2: The Empire enters into World War I on the side of the Central Powers. Cyprus is annexed outright by Britain. 1915: April 24: The Ottoman Empire initiates forced deportation of Armenians. 1915: April 25
The rise of the Ottoman Empire is a period of history that started with the emergence of the Ottoman principality (Turkish: Osmanlı Beyliği) in c. 1299, and ended c. 1453. This period witnessed the foundation of a political entity ruled by the Ottoman Dynasty in the northwestern Anatolian region of Bithynia, and its transformation from a ...
Osman I or Osman Ghazi (Ottoman Turkish: عثمان غازى, romanized:ʿO s mān Ġāzī; Turkish: I. Osman or Osman Gazi; died 1323/4) [ 1 ][ 3 ][ a ] was the eponymous founder of the Ottoman Empire (first known as a beylik or emirate). While initially a small Turkoman [ 5 ] principality during Osman's lifetime, his beylik transformed into a ...
Murad I, the third Ottoman monarch, styled himself sultân-ı âzam (سلطان اعظم, the most exalted sultan) and hüdavendigar (خداوندگار, emperor), titles used by the Anatolian Seljuqs and the Mongol Ilkhanids respectively. His son Bayezid I adopted the style Sultan of Rûm, Rûm being an old Islamic name for the Roman Empire.
The Ottoman Empire at the beginning of the second reign of Mehmed II. The Ottoman Empire upon the death of Suleiman the Magnificent. The Ottoman Empire of the Classical Age experienced dramatic territorial growth. The period opened with the conquest of Constantinople by Mehmed II (r. 1451–1481) in 1453.
The Ottoman Empire, 1700–1922 (2005), standard scholarly survey excerpt and text search; Shaw, Stanford J., and Ezel Kural Shaw. History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. Vol. 2, Reform, Revolution, and Republic: The Rise of Modern Turkey, 1808–1975. (1977). excerpt and text search ISBN 0-521-29163-1