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  2. Numeric precision in Microsoft Excel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeric_precision_in...

    Excel maintains 15 figures in its numbers, but they are not always accurate; mathematically, the bottom line should be the same as the top line, in 'fp-math' the step '1 + 1/9000' leads to a rounding up as the first bit of the 14 bit tail '10111000110010' of the mantissa falling off the table when adding 1 is a '1', this up-rounding is not undone when subtracting the 1 again, since there is no ...

  3. Help:Conditional expressions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Conditional_expressions

    Undefined parameter values are tricky: if the first positional parameter was not defined in the template call, then {{{1}}} will evaluate to the literal string "{{{1}}}" (i.e., the 7-character string containing three sets of curly braces around the number 1), which is a true value.

  4. Luhn mod N algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luhn_mod_N_algorithm

    This step results in even numbers if the doubled value is less than or equal to N, and odd numbers if the doubled value is greater than N. For example, in Decimal applications where N is 10, original values between 0 and 4 result in even numbers and original values between 5 and 9 result in odd numbers, effectively re-packing the doubled values ...

  5. Check digit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Check_digit

    The final digit of a Universal Product Code, International Article Number, Global Location Number or Global Trade Item Number is a check digit computed as follows: [3] [4]. Add the digits in the odd-numbered positions from the left (first, third, fifth, etc.—not including the check digit) together and multiply by three.

  6. Subtraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtraction

    If the top number is too small to subtract the bottom number from it, we add 10 to it; this 10 is "borrowed" from the top digit to the left, which we subtract 1 from. Then we move on to subtracting the next digit and borrowing as needed, until every digit has been subtracted. Example: [citation needed]

  7. Kaprekar's routine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaprekar's_routine

    In number theory, Kaprekar's routine is an iterative algorithm named after its inventor, Indian mathematician D. R. Kaprekar. [1] [2] Each iteration starts with a number, sorts the digits into descending and ascending order, and calculates the difference between the two new numbers. As an example, starting with the number 8991 in base 10:

  8. Method of complements - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Method_of_complements

    The smaller numbers, for use when subtracting, are the nines' complement of the larger numbers, which are used when adding. In mathematics and computing , the method of complements is a technique to encode a symmetric range of positive and negative integers in a way that they can use the same algorithm (or mechanism ) for addition throughout ...

  9. String literal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_literal

    A string literal or anonymous string is a literal for a string value in the source code of a computer program. Modern programming languages commonly use a quoted sequence of characters, formally "bracketed delimiters", as in x = "foo", where , "foo" is a string literal with value foo. Methods such as escape sequences can be used to avoid the ...