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  2. Suicide in antiquity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicide_in_antiquity

    In some ancient societies, suicide may have been considered an act of personal redemption. The Roman historian Livy describes the apocryphal suicide of Lucretia as an atonement for being sexually assaulted, thus losing her chastity; before dying by suicide Lucretia says, "although I acquit myself of the sin, I do not free myself from the penalty."

  3. Ancient Egyptian afterlife beliefs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_afterlife...

    e. Ancient Egyptian afterlife beliefs were centered around a variety of complex rituals that were influenced by many aspects of Egyptian culture. Religion was a major contributor, since it was an important social practice that bound all Egyptians together. For instance, many of the Egyptian gods played roles in guiding the souls of the dead ...

  4. Capital punishment in Egypt - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Egypt

    Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Egypt. The state carried out at least 44 executions in 2016, at least 35 in 2017, and at least 43 in 2018, according to Amnesty International. [1][2] The method of execution is hanging for civilian convictions, and by firing squad for convictions by commissioned military personnel at the time of duty.

  5. List of methods of capital punishment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_methods_of_capital...

    Decapitation. Used at various points in history in many countries. One of the most famous methods was the guillotine. Now only used in Saudi Arabia with a sword. Stoning. The victim is battered by stones thrown by a group of people, with the injuries leading to death.

  6. Dispute between a man and his Ba - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispute_between_a_man_and...

    The Dispute between a man and his Ba or The Debate Between a Man and his Soul[1] is an ancient Egyptian text dating to the Middle Kingdom. The text is considered to fall into the genre of Sebayt, a form of Egyptian wisdom literature. The text takes the form of a dialogue between a man struggling to come to terms with the hardship of life, and ...

  7. Maat - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maat

    Maat or Maʽat (Egyptian: mꜣꜥt /ˈmuʀʕat/, Coptic: ⲙⲉⲓ) [1] comprised the ancient Egyptian concepts of truth, balance, order, harmony, law, morality, and justice.Ma'at was also the goddess who personified these concepts, and regulated the stars, seasons, and the actions of mortals and the deities who had brought order from chaos at the moment of creation.

  8. Reign of Cleopatra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reign_of_Cleopatra

    The reign of Cleopatra VII of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt began with the death of her father, Ptolemy XII Auletes, by March 51 BC. It ended with her suicide in August 30 BC, [note 1] which also marked the conclusion of the Hellenistic period and the annexation of Egypt into a Roman province. [note 2] In the style of her Greek predecessors ...

  9. Hanging - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanging

    Detail from a painting by Pisanello, 1436–1438. Hanging is killing a person by suspending them from the neck with a noose or ligature. Hanging has been a common method of capital punishment since the Middle Ages, and is the primary execution method in numerous countries and regions. The first known account of execution by hanging is in Homer ...