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Using vacuum pump oil as the working fluid in a barometer has led to the creation of the new "World's Tallest Barometer" in February 2013. The barometer at Portland State University (PSU) uses doubly distilled vacuum pump oil and has a nominal height of about 12.4 m for the oil column height; expected excursions are in the range of ±0.4 m over ...
Checking tire pressure with a spring and piston tire-pressure gauge. Pressure measurement is the measurement of an applied force by a fluid (liquid or gas) on a surface. Pressure is typically measured in units of force per unit of surface area. Many techniques have been developed for the measurement of pressure and vacuum.
Wellcome V0005861. Torricelli Invented the mercury barometer, recorded in the books of Camille Flammarion (1923) Torricelli's experiment was invented in Pisa in 1643 by the Italian scientist Evangelista Torricelli (1608-1647). The purpose of his experiment is to prove that the source of vacuum comes from atmospheric pressure.
The barometer arose from the need to solve a theoretical and practical problem: a suction pump could only raise water up to a height of 10 metres (34 ft) (as recounted in Galileo's Two New Sciences). In the early 1600s, Torricelli's teacher, Galileo, argued that suction pumps were able to draw water from a well because of the "force of vacuum."
Mercury gauges are commonly used as the primary standard for pressure by national measurement standards laboratories. [19] For instance, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in the US uses a gauge that is three metres tall and contains 225 kg of mercury. For precision, ultrasonics are used to measure the mercury column ...
A McLeod gauge is a scientific instrument used to measure very low pressures, down to 10 −6 Torr (0.133 m Pa). It was invented in 1874 by Herbert McLeod (1841–1923). [1] McLeod gauges were once commonly found attached to equipment that operates under vacuum, such as a lyophilizer. Today, however, these gauges have largely been replaced by ...
So, for any particular measurement of pressure head, the height of a column of water will be about [133/9.8 = 13.6] 13.6 times taller than a column of mercury would be. So if a water column meter reads "13.6 cm H 2 O ", then an equivalent measurement is "1.00 cm Hg".
Gasparo Berti (c. 1600–1643) was an Italian mathematician, astronomer and physicist. He was probably born in Mantua and spent most of his life in Rome. [1] He is most famous today for his experiment in which he unknowingly created the first working barometer. [2] Though he was best known for his work in mathematics and physics, little of his ...