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Data structure alignment is the way data is arranged and accessed in computer memory. It consists of three separate but related issues: data alignment, data structure padding, and packing. The CPU in modern computer hardware performs reads and writes to memory most efficiently when the data is naturally aligned, which generally means that the ...
Bit field. A bit field is a data structure that maps to one or more adjacent bits which have been allocated for specific purposes, so that any single bit or group of bits within the structure can be set or inspected. [ 1 ][ 2 ] A bit field is most commonly used to represent integral types of known, fixed bit-width, such as single-bit Booleans.
A bit array (also known as bitmask, [1] bit map, bit set, bit string, or bit vector) is an array data structure that compactly stores bits. It can be used to implement a simple set data structure. A bit array is effective at exploiting bit-level parallelism in hardware to perform operations quickly. A typical bit array stores kw bits, where w ...
Flexible array member. C struct data types may end with a flexible array member[1] with no specified size: struct vectord { short len; // there must be at least one other data member double arr[]; // the flexible array member must be last // The compiler may reserve extra padding space here, like it can between struct members }; Typically, such ...
The bin packing problem[1][2][3][4] is an optimization problem, in which items of different sizes must be packed into a finite number of bins or containers, each of a fixed given capacity, in a way that minimizes the number of bins used. The problem has many applications, such as filling up containers, loading trucks with weight capacity ...
Java package. A Java package organizes Java classes into namespaces, [1] providing a unique namespace for each type it contains. Classes in the same package can access each other's package-private and protected members. In general, a package can contain the following kinds of types: classes, interfaces, enumerations, records and annotation types.
The Lempel–Ziv–Markov chain algorithm (LZMA) is an algorithm used to perform lossless data compression. It has been under development since either 1996 or 1998 by Igor Pavlov [citation needed] and was first used in the 7z format of the 7-Zip archiver. This algorithm uses a dictionary compression scheme somewhat similar to the LZ77 algorithm ...
Stride of an array. In computer programming, the stride of an array (also referred to as increment, pitch or step size) is the number of locations in memory between beginnings of successive array elements, measured in bytes or in units of the size of the array's elements. The stride cannot be smaller than the element size but can be larger ...