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The naming customs of Hispanic America are similar to the Spanish naming customs practiced in Spain, with some modifications to the surname rules.Many Hispanophones in the countries of Spanish-speaking America have two given names, plus like in Spain, a paternal surname (primer apellido or apellido paterno) and a maternal surname (segundo apellido or apellido materno).
The practice remains popular in the 21st century. According to a Pew Research Center survey published in September 2023, nearly 4 out of every 5 women in heterosexual marriages in the United States changed their last names to those of their husbands. On the other hand, 92% of all men in these marriages kept their last names. [41]
Before the 20th century all Basque men were considered nobles (indeed, some Basque surnames, e.g. Irujo or Medoza, were related to some of the oldest Spanish noble families), and many of them used their status to emigrate with privileges to other regions of the Spanish Empire, especially the Americas; thus some Basque surnames became common in ...
About 9% of women ages 50 and older said they kept their last name, in comparison with 20% of women between 18 and 49, the survey showed. And 26% of women with a postgraduate degree said they kept ...
In the U.S., 80% of married women in opposite-sex relationships take their husband's surname, according to a study from Pew Research published last year. It's a trend that has showed little signs ...
Male surnames ending with -a, -o, -ski a -cki are inflected by suffixes -ina/-yna, (Andricki - Andryccyna). Addressing with a suffix -ka (Urbanka) are considered unwritten. Inflected surnames of unmarried women with male surnames ending with a consonant and with -ka or -ca forms a suffix -ec (Kral – Kralec, Čornak – Čornakec).
In Alice Rossi's 1965 study of naming conventions, she theorizes that the gender differences in naming strategies exist because of the perceived roles of men and women in society. "Women play the more crucial role in family and kin activities, while men are the symbolic carriers of temporal continuity of the family." [23]
It includes the total number of people with each surname as well as the rate per 100,000 people. Figures for the 2000 Census are also included for comparison. [10] In 2010, there were 51,089,493 people with last names in the top 100, representing 16.5% of the total (308,745,538).