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Local government in Virginia is subject to Dillon's Rule, which holds that cities and towns only have those powers expressly granted to them by Virginia or federal law, any power implied by those express powers, and those powers essential to the municipality's existence.
Other forms of local government are also provided by statute. [3] Virginia limits the authority of cities and counties to enact ordinances by what is known as the Dillon's Rule. Counties and cities may only pass laws expressly allowed by the state legislature or which are necessary to effect powers granted by the state. [4]
The law of Virginia consists of several levels of legal rules, including constitutional, statutory, regulatory, case law, and local laws. The Code of Virginia contains the codified legislation that define the general statutory laws for the Commonwealth.
Functional – power to exercise local self government in a broad or limited manner, Fiscal – authority to determine revenue sources, set tax rates, borrow funds and other related financial activities, Personnel – authority to set employment rules, remuneration rates, employment conditions and collective bargaining.
New laws in Virginia take effect on January 1, 2025. Notable new laws include minimum wage increase, changes to the Virginia Human Rights Act, and retirement savings plans for all employees.
Article VII of the Constitution sets up the basic framework for the structure and function of local government in Virginia. Local government may be established at the town (population over 1000), city (population over 5000), county or regional government level. Article VII gives the General Assembly the power to create general laws for the ...
Cities in Virginia thus are the equivalent of counties, as they have no higher local government intervening between them and the state government. The equivalent in Virginia to what would normally be an incorporated city in any other state, e.g. a municipality subordinate to a county, is a town .
Title page to the Code of 1819, formally titled The Revised Code of the Laws of Virginia. The Code of Virginia is the statutory law of the U.S. state of Virginia and consists of the codified legislation of the Virginia General Assembly. The 1950 Code of Virginia is the revision currently in force.