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  2. Alkalinity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkalinity

    Alkalinity (from Arabic: القلوية, romanized: al-qaly, lit. 'ashes of the saltwort') [1] is the capacity of water to resist acidification. [2] It should not be confused with basicity, which is an absolute measurement on the pH scale. Alkalinity is the strength of a buffer solution composed of weak acids and their conjugate bases.

  3. pH - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH

    There is evidence of ongoing ocean acidification (meaning a drop in pH value): Between 1950 and 2020, the average pH of the ocean surface fell from approximately 8.15 to 8.05. [29] Carbon dioxide emissions from human activities are the primary cause of ocean acidification, with atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2) levels exceeding 410 ppm (in 2020).

  4. Estuarine acidification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuarine_acidification

    Estuarine acidification happens when the pH balance of water in coastal marine ecosystems, specifically those of estuaries, decreases.Water, generally considered neutral on the pH scale, normally perfectly balanced between alkalinity and acidity.

  5. Base-richness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base-richness

    There is a positive correlation between base-richness and calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and carbonates (HCO3, and a negative correlation with pH, Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), and Aluminum (Al). [2] However, the relationship between base-richness and acidity is not a rigid one – changes in the levels of acids (such as dissolved carbon dioxide ...

  6. Soda lake - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soda_lake

    Lake Shala, in the East African Rift Valley. A soda lake or alkaline lake is a lake on the strongly alkaline side of neutrality, typically with a pH value between 9 and 12. They are characterized by high concentrations of carbonate salts, typically sodium carbonate (and related salt complexes), giving rise to their alkalinity.

  7. Alkali - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali

    Soils with pH values that are higher than 7.3 are usually defined as being alkaline. These soils can occur naturally due to the presence of alkali salts. Although many plants do prefer slightly basic soil (including vegetables like cabbage and fodder like buffalo grass ), most plants prefer mildly acidic soil (with pHs between 6.0 and 6.8), and ...

  8. Acid–base reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid–base_reaction

    In chemistry, an acid–base reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs between an acid and a base.It can be used to determine pH via titration.Several theoretical frameworks provide alternative conceptions of the reaction mechanisms and their application in solving related problems; these are called the acid–base theories, for example, Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory.

  9. Alkaliphile - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaliphile

    Alkaliphiles are a class of extremophilic microbes capable of survival in alkaline (pH roughly 8.5–11) environments, growing optimally around a pH of 10. These bacteria can be further categorized as obligate alkaliphiles (those that require high pH to survive), facultative alkaliphiles (those able to survive in high pH, but also grow under normal conditions) and haloalkaliphiles (those that ...