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Linus Carl Pauling was born on February 28, 1901, in Portland, Oregon, [13] [14] the firstborn child of Herman Henry William Pauling (1876–1910) and Lucy Isabelle "Belle" Darling (1881–1926). [ 15 ] : 22 He was named "Linus Carl", in honor of Lucy's father, Linus, and Herman's father, Carl.
In addition to the variety of verified DNA structures, there have been a range of proposed DNA models that have either been disproven, or lack sufficient evidence.. Some of these structures were proposed during the 1950s before the structure of the double helix was solved, most famously by Linus Pauling.
In 1951, Pauling published the structure of the alpha helix, a fundamentally important structural component of proteins. In early 1953, Pauling published a triple helix model of DNA, which subsequently turned out to be incorrect. [3] Both Crick, and particularly Watson, thought that they were racing against Pauling to discover the structure of DNA.
Narrated by Jeff Goldblum, it features Watson, Wilkins, Gosling and Peter Pauling (son of Linus Pauling). [27] A play entitled Photograph 51 by Anna Ziegler focuses on the role of X-ray crystallographer Rosalind Franklin in the discovery of the structure of DNA. [28] [29] This play won the third STAGE International Script Competition in 2008. [30]
This image, along with the knowledge that Linus Pauling had proposed an incorrect structure of DNA, "mobilised" [9] Watson and Crick to restart model building. With additional information from research reports of Wilkins and Franklin, obtained via Max Perutz , Watson and Crick correctly described the double-helix structure of DNA in 1953.
Key Participants: William T. Astbury – Linus Pauling and the Race for DNA: A Documentary History ‘What is the Double Helical Structure of DNA and Who Was William Astbury ?’ ‘Did William Astbury Take ‘Photo 51' Before Rosalind Franklin?’ 'The Astbury X-ray Camera' – a public lecture, 24 January 2017, University of Leeds
Similarly, the difference between the cytochrome c of a bacterium and yeast, wheat, moth, tuna, pigeon, and horse ranges from 64% to 69%. Together with the work of Emile Zuckerkandl and Linus Pauling, the genetic equidistance result led directly to the formal postulation of the molecular clock hypothesis in the early 1960s. [3]
Robert Brainard Corey (August 19, 1897 – April 23, 1971) was an American biochemist, mostly known for his role in discovery of the α-helix and the β-sheet with Linus Pauling. Also working with Pauling was Herman Branson. Their discoveries were remarkably correct, with even the bond lengths being accurate until about 40 years later.