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Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni [a] (6 March 1475 – 18 February 1564), known mononymously as Michelangelo, [b] [1] was an Italian sculptor, painter, architect, [2] and poet of the High Renaissance. Born in the Republic of Florence, his work was inspired by models from classical antiquity and had a lasting influence on Western art.
Plans for St. Peter's Basilica (especially for the dome) 1546–1564: Rome Plans for San Giovanni dei Fiorentini 1559–1560: Rome Sforza Chapel Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore c. 1560: Rome Porta Pia 1561–1565: Rome Interior remodeling of Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri 1563–1564: Rome
The dome was completed up to the base of the lantern in May 1590, a few months before the death of Pope Sixtus V. The lantern and lead covering for the dome were completed later, with the brass orb and cross being raised in 1592. [34] The lantern is 17 meters high and the dome is 136.57 meters from the base to the top of the cross. [35]
The dome design had been altered by Giuliano da Sangallo from being hemispherical to being 9 meters taller, segmental, and ribbed, and he had strengthened the piers and completed building the pendentives. Michelangelo redesigned the dome to have two shells, a mostly brick internal structure, and three iron chains to resist outward pressure. [33]
Evidence of Michelangelo's painting style is seen in the Doni Tondo.His work on the image foreshadows his technique in the Sistine Chapel.. The Doni Tondo is believed to be the only existing panel picture Michelangelo painted without the aid of assistants; [7] and, unlike his Manchester Madonna and Entombment (both National Gallery, London), the attribution to him has never been questioned.
Giacomo della Porta (1533–1602) was an Italian architect and sculptor. [1] Most likely born in Genoa or Porlezza, Italy, his work was inspired by famous Renaissance artists such as Michelangelo and Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola. [1]
The Sistine Chapel ceiling, painted by Michelangelo between 1508 and 1512, is one of the most renowned artworks of the High Renaissance. Central to the ceiling decoration are nine scenes from the Book of Genesis of which The Creation of Adam is the best known, the hands of God and Adam being reproduced in countless imitations.
The interior was frescoed in the 1950s by the brothers Michelangelo and Marcantonio Bedini. The spandrels depict the four evangelists. while in the dome are the four cardinal virtues. They also painted the apse frescoes. The wooden pulpit with panels depicting the five glorious mysteries was carved by D. Bonfini of Patrignone.