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Chromatophores are cells that produce color, of which many types are pigment-containing cells, or groups of cells, ... These dermal chromatophore units (DCU) consist ...
Close-up of fish melanophores. Fish coloration is produced through specialized cells called chromatophores. The dermal chromatophore is a basic color unit in amphibians, reptiles, and fish which has three cell layers: "the xanthophore (contains carotenoid and pteridine pigments), the iridophore (reflects color structurally), and the melanophore (contains melanin)". [5]
The brilliant iridescent colors of the peacock's tail feathers are created by structural coloration, as first noted by Isaac Newton and Robert Hooke.. Structural coloration in animals, and a few plants, is the production of colour by microscopically structured surfaces fine enough to interfere with visible light instead of pigments, although some structural coloration occurs in combination ...
The pseudopodial process (aka the tanning process) happens slowly in dermal melanocytes in response to ultraviolet light and to production of new melanosomes and increased donation of melanosomes to adjacent keratinocytes, which are typical skin surface cells. Donation occurs when some keratinocytes engulf the end of the melanocyte pseudopodia ...
Blue-ringed octopuses spend most of their time hiding in crevices while displaying effective camouflage patterns with their dermal chromatophore cells. Like all octopuses, they can change shape easily, which allows them to squeeze into crevices much smaller than themselves.
Amphibians such as frogs have three kinds of star-shaped chromatophore cells in separate layers of their skin. The top layer contains ' xanthophores ' with orange, red, or yellow pigments; the middle layer contains ' iridophores ' with a silvery light-reflecting pigment; while the bottom layer contains ' melanophores ' with dark melanin.
The porphyrin moieties in our red blood cells, whose primary function is to bind iron atoms which capture oxygen, result in the heme chromophores which give human blood its red color. Heme is degraded by the body into biliverdin (which gives bruises their blue-green color), which in turn is degraded into bilirubin (which gives patients with ...
They are also called dermal denticles. Placoid scales are structurally homologous with vertebrate teeth ("denticle" translates to "small tooth"), having a central pulp cavity supplied with blood vessels , surrounded by a conical layer of dentine , all of which sits on top of a rectangular basal plate that rests on the dermis .