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Echis ocellatus, known by the common names West African carpet viper [2] [3] and ocellated carpet viper, [4] is a highly venomous species of viper endemic to West Africa. No subspecies are currently recognized. [5] It is responsible for more human fatalities due to snakebite than all other African species combined. [6]
Russell's viper, Daboia russelii Dilute Russell's viper venom time (dRVVT) is a laboratory test often used for detection of lupus anticoagulant (LA). It is an assessment of the time for blood to clot in the presence of a diluted amount of venom from Russell's viper (Daboia russelii), a highly venomous snake native to the Indian subcontinent and named after the herpetologist Patrick Russell.
Vipera berus, also known as the common European adder [3] and the common European viper, [4] is a species of venomous snake in the family Viperidae. The species is extremely widespread and can be found throughout much of Europe , and as far as East Asia . [ 2 ]
Venom from females was more than twice as toxic on average as venom from males. [3] The amount of venom produced also varies. Reported yields include 20–35 mg of dried venom from specimens 41–56 cm in length, [11] 6–48 mg (16 mg average) from Iranian specimens [12] and 13–35 mg of dried venom from animals from various other localities. [13]
The toxicity of the venom varies. Stemmler (1971) states that the population in Passwang district, Switzerland have the strongest venom based on studies conducted on mice. [22] Compared to venoms from other species, it is relatively toxic. Brown (1973) gives LD 50 values of 1.0 mg/kg IV and 1.0–2.0 mg/kg SC. [23] Tu et al. (1969) report 4.7 ...
Atheris nitschei is a relatively large and stout bush viper, growing to an average total length (including tail) of 60 cm (24 in) and a maximum total length of at least 80 cm (31 in). The males are smaller than the females.
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In addition to killing the prey, part of the function of a haemotoxic venom for some animals is to aid digestion. The venom breaks down protein in the region of the bite, making prey easier to digest. The process by which a haemotoxin causes death is much slower than that of a neurotoxin. Snakes which envenomate a prey animal may have to track ...