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The manganese cycle is the biogeochemical cycle of manganese through the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and lithosphere. There are bacteria that oxidise manganese to insoluble oxides, and others that reduce it to Mn 2+ in order to use it.
Manganese is a chemical element; it has symbol Mn and atomic number 25. It is a hard, brittle, silvery metal, ... Phase diagram of manganese [18] Beta manganese ...
Diagram of the chemical equation of the electrolysis of water, ... Nickel manganese ferrite cycle: 43%: 1,800 °C (3,270 °F) Zinc manganese ferrite cycle: 43%:
English: Pourbaix diagram for Manganese; c(Mn) = 1 mol/l, T = 25 °C. Source own work . This W3C-unspecified vector image was created with Inkscape. Data Source
Manganese is also important in photosynthetic oxygen evolution in chloroplasts in plants. The oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) is a part of photosystem II contained in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts; it is responsible for the terminal photooxidation of water during the light reactions of photosynthesis , and has a metalloenzyme core ...
The Kok cycle. The oxidation state of the manganese centres is subject to debate. [1] X-ray crystal structure of the Mn 4 O 5 Ca core of the oxygen evolving complex of Photosystem II at a resolution of 1.9 Å. [2]
The oxygen-evolving complex is the site of water oxidation. It is a metallo-oxo cluster comprising four manganese ions (in oxidation states ranging from +3 to +4) [6] and one divalent calcium ion. When it oxidizes water, producing oxygen gas and protons, it sequentially delivers the four electrons from water to a tyrosine (D1-Y161) sidechain ...
This center, below and to the left of the pair in the diagram, contains four manganese ions, a calcium ion, a chloride ion, and a tyrosine residue. Manganese is adept at these reactions because it is capable of existing in four oxidation states: Mn 2+, Mn 3+, Mn 4+ and Mn 5+. Manganese also forms strong bonds with oxygen-containing molecules ...